In addition to these, there were three law-books, the _Statutes of Richard III._, and several theological and scholastic works. One of the founts of type used by Machlinia is of peculiar interest, by reason of its close resemblance to Caxton's type No. 2*, and its still greater similarity to the type used by Jean Brito of Bruges. Machlinia's business seems to have been taken over by Richard Pynson. There is no direct evidence of this, but like Machlinia he took up the business of printing law-books (being the first printer in this country to receive a royal patent); he is found using a woodcut border used in Machlinia's _Horæ_; and, in addition to this, waste from Machlinia books has been found in Pynson bindings. Richard Pynson was a native of Normandy. He had business relations with Le Talleur, a printer of Rouen. His methods also were those of Rouen, rather than of any English master. Wherever he came from, Richard Pynson was the finest printer this country had yet seen, and no one, until the appearance of John Day, approached him in excellence of work. [Illustration: FIG. 7.--Pynson's Mark.] The earliest examples of his press appear to be a fragment of a _Donatus_ in the Bodleian and the _Canterbury Tales_ of Chaucer. The type he used for these was a bold, unevenly cast fount of black letter, somewhat resembling that used by Machlinia at Fleet Bridge. The _Chaucer_, however, contained a second fount of small sloping Gothic. The first book of Pynson found with a date is a _Doctrinale_, printed in November 1492, now in the John Rylands Library. This was followed by the _Dialogue of Dives and Pauper_, printed in 1493 with a new type, distinguishable by the sharp angular finish to the letter 'h.' Several quartos without date were printed in the same type. From this time till 1500, the majority of his books were printed in the small type of the _Chaucer_. Another printer who worked at this time was Julian Notary. He was associated in the production of books with Jean Barbier, and another whose initials, J. H., are believed to be those of J. Huvin, a printer of Paris. They established themselves in London at the sign of St. Thomas the Apostle, and their most important book was the _Questiones Alberti de modis significandi_, which they followed up in 1497 with an octavo edition of the _Horæ ad usum Sarum_. In 1498 Barbier and Notary removed to King Street, Westminster, where they printed in folio a _Missale ad usum Sarum_. Soon afterwards Notary was printing by himself, his partner, Barbier, having returned to France. Two quartos, the _Liber Festivalis_ and _Quattuor Sermones_, are all that can be traced to his press in 1499, and a small edition of the _Horæ ad usum Sarum_ is the sole record of this work in 1500. [Illustration: FIG. 8.--Notary's Mark.] Notary was also a bookbinder, and some of his stamped bindings are still met with. [Footnote 1: E. G. Duff, _Early Printed Books_, pp. 84 and 139.] CHAPTER II