The criticism of Schaff is just in its estimate of the general influence of the monastic ideal, but there were individual monks whose views of sin and salvation were singularly pure and elevating. Saint Hugh, of Lincoln, said to several men of the world who were praising the lives of the Carthusian monks: "Do not imagine that the kingdom of Heaven is only for monks and hermits. When God will judge each one of us, he will not reproach the lost for not having been monks or solitaries, but for not having been true Christians. Now, to be a true Christian, three things are necessary; and if one of these three things is wanting to us, we are Christians only in name, and our sentence will be all the more severe, the more we have made profession of perfection. The three things are: _Charity in the heart, truth on the lips, and purity of life_; if we are wanting in these, we are unworthy of the name of Christian." THE END INDEX A Abbey, _see_ Monastery. Abbot, meaning of word, 425; as father of family of monks, 143; election of, 144; description of installation of, 145; wealth and political influence of, 147; disorders among lay, 179; as a feudal lord, 373; in legislative assemblies, 400. Abelard opposed by Bernard, 196. Abraham, St., the hermit, 50; quoted, 60. Abstinence, no virtue in false, 419. Accountability, personal, sense of maintained by monks, 414. Act of Succession, 298. Agriculture, monasteries centers of, 155; and the Cistercian monks, 192; fostered by monks, 403. _See_ Benedict, Order of St. Alaric the Goth sacks Rome, 103. Albans, St., Abbey of, Morton on its vices, 338. Albertus Magnus, a Dominican, 242. Albigensians, Hallam on doctrines of, 232; Hardwick on same, 233; Dominic preaches against, 234; Dominic's part in crusade against, 235. Alcuin, on corruptions of monks, 173; education and, 167. Alexander IV., Pope, on the stigmata of St. Francis, 221; and the University of Paris quarrel, 250. Alfred, King, the Great, complains of monks, 173; his reformatory measures, 181. Alien Priories, confiscated, 338; origin of, 340. Allen, on the fate of the Templars, 202; on Dominic and the Albigensian crusade, 238; on spiritual pride of the Mendicants, 257; on the genius of feudalism, 373; on the deficiencies of monastic characters, 394. Alms-giving, _see_ Charity. Alverno, Mount, and the stigmata of St. Francis, 219. Ambrose, embraces ascetic Christianity, 84; Theodosius on, 115; saying of Gibbon applied to, 116; describes Capraria, 126; his influence on Milanese women, 126. Ammonius, the hermit, visits Rome, 72. Anglicans, claims of, respecting the early British Church, 162. Anglo-Saxons and British Christianity, 164. Anglo-Saxon Church, effect of Danish invasion on, 181; effect of Dunstan's work on, 187. _See_ Britain. Anslem, of Canterbury, on flight from the world, 369. Anthony, St., visits Paul of Thebes, 37; his strange experiences, 38; buries Paul, 41;