About 1871 a machine called the “Prestonian” was made by Foster, a machinist of Preston, England, and two or three were set to work, but did not enjoy any great degree of favor. They embodied a combination of the “Hoe Type Revolving Machine” with the “endless sheet perfecting press.” The form of type for one side of the paper was placed upon one cylinder, with impression cylinders around it, in the manner of the Hoe press, and the form for the other side on another cylinder, and the paper passed from one set of impression cylinders to the other. The principal objection to this machine was its lack of speed. The same principle, however, had been developed years before in the “type revolving perfecting” presses (made by Hoe & Co.) which have two sets of type forms on separate large cylinders, the sheets being fed in by hand and conveyed from one impression cylinder to the other and against the forms by means of fingers or grippers. The sheets were then delivered on a sheet flier. These presses were especially designed for printing books, of which large numbers were required, such as text books and spelling books. The contents of a whole book could be placed on these cylinders and printed and delivered at one impression. One of these machines constructed in 1852 (fifty years ago) is still in operation at Messrs. D. Appleton & Co.’s printing office in Brooklyn, as active and efficient as ever. [Illustration: ROTARY TYPE-REVOLVING WEB PERFECTING PRESS] In 1881 Hoe & Co. turned their attention to the making of a machine which should print FROM ONE FORM OF TYPE at a greater speed than had ever yet been attained. The result was the “Rotary Type Endless-sheet Perfecting Press.” The principle of this machine was in a measure that of their “Type-Revolving” press. The forms of type for both sides of the paper were placed on a central cylinder, which was surrounded by impression cylinders and inking rollers.