Holland, 306, 344, 347, 394, 396, 402, 433, 434 Holstein, 351 Holy Alliance, 349 Holy Roman Empire, 264, 309, 317, 323, 347, 377, 409, 432, 434 Homer, 129 Honorius, 230, 431 Honorius III, Pope, 281 Horse, 51, 56, 94, 96, 97, 112, 167, 319, 336; evolution of the, 42 Horsetails, 23 Horus, 209, 210, 211 Hottentots, 54 Hsia, 287 Hudson Bay Company, 393 Hudson River, 358 Hulagu Khan, 290, 433 Human sacrifice, 182, 186. (_Cf._ Blood Sacrifice, Sacrifice) Hungarians, 263, 289, 351 Hungary, 185, 203, 227, 245, 258, 263, 289, 290, 292, 310, 312, 351 Hungary, plain of, 234 Huns, 88, 167, 168, 174, 197, 198, 227, 232, 233, 245, 263, 289, 431 Hunting, 56 Huss, John, 304, 433 Hussites, 305 Hwang-ho river, 173 Hwang-ho valley, 300 Hyksos, 90, 96 Hyracodons, 42 Hystaspes, 430 I Iberians, 71, 92 Ice age, 43. (_Cf._ Glacial ages) Iceland, 263 Ichthyosaurs, 29, 36 Ignatius of Loyola, St., 308, 434 _Iliad_, 127 Illinois, 386 Illyria, 179, 182 Immolation of human beings, 102 Immortality, idea of, 210, 211, 224 Imperialism, 399 Implements, 46, 48, 56, 57, 65, 87 Implements, use of, by animals, 44, 45 India, 71, 84, 104, 108, 122, 149, 156, 163, 164, 196, 199, 287, 302, 335, 394- 95, 399, 409, 433, 434 Indian Empire, 405 Indian Ocean, 329 Indiana, 383, 386 Individualists, 375 _et seq._ Individuality in reproduction, 16 _et seq._ Indo-Scythians, 199, 430 Indus, 149, 429 Industrial revolution, 365 _et seq._ Infantry, 178 Influenza, 414 Innocent III, Pope, 276, 279, 280, 432 Innocent IV, Pope, 281 Innsbruck, 313 Inquisition, the, 276, 349 Insects, 26, 31 Interdicts, papal, 275 Interglacial period, 44 Internationalism, 380 Invertebrata, 13 Investitures, 275 Ionic Greeks, 108, 130 Iowa, 385 Ireland, 106, 405 Iron, 80, 87, 94, 97, 102, 104, 168, 319, 321, 358, 359 Irrigation, 290 Isabella of Castile, Queen, 293, 302, 309 Isaiah, 125, 133, 156 Isis, 209, 210, 211, 212 Islam, 251, 252, 432 Islamism, 267, 319. (_See also_ Moslem, Muhammedanism) Isocrates, 145 Israel, judges of, 118 Israel, kings of, 118, 119, 121 Issus, battle of, 147, 430 Italian language, 203 Italians, 107, 351 Italica, 202 Italy, 94, 108, 129, 134, 176, 180, 230, 236, 312, 327, 347, 390, 396, 409, 411, 429, 431, 434 Italy, Central, 429 Italy, North, 263, 312, 351, 390, 429, 431 Italy, South, 429 Ivan III (the Great), 327, 433 Ivan IV (the Terrible), 327, 433 J Jacobin republic, 434 Jamaica, 393, 407 James I, King of England and Scotland, 324, 433 Jamestown (Va.), 433 Japan, 166, 300, 399, 400-01 _et seq._, 409, 410, 435 Japanese, 419 Jarandilla, 315 Java, 302, 329 Jaw-bone, Heidelberg, 45-46; Piltdown, 46 Jehovah, 125 Jena, 434 Jengis Khan, 287, 298, 334, 432 Jerusalem, 115, 116, 119, 121, 123, 124, 184, 215, 243, 267, 271, 272, 299, 431, 432 Jerusalem, Temple of, 119, 184 Jesuits, 308, 400, 433 Jesus, life and teaching of, 214 _et seq._, 224, 270, 306, 374, 430