The whole spirit of the National Bank Act in relation to loans is to prevent the advancing of money on anything but "quick assets." In other words, loans must not be made on any security, that can not be turned into money quickly. For this reason a National Bank can not lend on real estate as a security. Also it should not accept notes having longer than ninety days or four months to run. The fundamental principle of the law is the guarding of the depositors' money; to have it ready for them at all times. But the _whole fabric and theory of banking is founded on the fact_, demonstrated by centuries of experience, that at no _one_ time do _all_ the depositors want to draw _all_ their money from _all_ the banks. Also that every day some loans are due and can be converted into cash if necessary. Payment of demand, or "call," loans can be demanded any day. On time loans, payment can not be asked for until the maturity of the note, the day agreed upon by the bank and the borrower. On demand, or "call," loans the interest must be paid at the end of every three months, or when the loan is paid. On time loans, the interest, or discount, is paid in advance. Notes reading one, two, three, or four months after date are due, of course, one, two, three or four months after the date of the notes. But thirty, sixty, or ninety-day paper is not due in one, two, or three months. This is a common error. The exact number of days must be calculated. The following table for determining the maturity, or "due date," of thirty, sixty, or ninety-day paper is herewith given: TABLE FOR FINDING MATURITY OF NOTES AND DRAFTS At 30, 60, and 90 Days