A Sketch of Assam: With some account of the Hill TribesButler, John, Major
History
A Sketch of Assam: With some account of the Hill Tribes
Butler, John, Major
Assam (India) -- Description and travel; Assam (India) -- Social life and customs; Ethnology -- India -- Assam
The country is infested with wild animals, and the footpaths are
dangerous at all times. Some slight idea may be formed of the danger
to human life from the denizens of the jungle, when I state that
in the western quarter of the district of Kamroop alone, in the
short period of six months, the police reports included twenty men
killed by wild elephants and buffaloes. The damage done to the rice
crops yearly by wild elephants and buffaloes is very considerable;
and although Government bestows a reward of two rupees eight annas,
or five shillings, for every buffalo destroyed, and five rupees
or ten shillings for every tiger's head, such is the apathy and
indifference of the natives to their own interests and preservation,
that they seldom exert themselves to earn the gratuity, until repeated
aggressions become unbearable. When wild elephants pull down their
huts, or a tiger, from previous success, becomes emboldened to enter
their little dwellings and carry off their cattle, then the village
community will turn out in a body; surrounding with nets the tiger's
lair,--a small patch of jungle in the vicinity of the village,--and
shouting and yelling, they drive the intruder into the nets, where
he falls an easy victim to the spears and bludgeons of the enraged
and injured populace.
In January, February, March, and April, the whole country adjoining
Burpetah presents a spectacle seldom seen elsewhere: the natives set
fire to the jungle to clear the land for cultivation, and to open the
thoroughfares between the different villages, and the awful roar and
rapidity with which the flames spread cannot be conceived. A space
of many miles of grass jungle, twenty feet high, is cleared in a
few hours; and the black ashes scattered over the face of the earth
after such recent verdure, form one of the most gloomy and desolate
landscapes that can well be imagined. But so rapid is vegetation in
Assam, that a few days suffice to alter the scene: the jungle speedily
shoots up with greater strength than ever, and at the approach of
the heavy rains in June, it again attains a height of many feet. On
more occasions than one, though mounted on an elephant, I have had the
greatest difficulty to out-flank a fierce roaring fire, rapidly moving
with the wind, in a long line over the country. The elephant, of all
animals, is the most fearful of fire; and on hearing the approach
of the element he instantly takes to flight; but the rapidity with
which the flames spread renders escape most hazardous, especially
if the wind is high and right aft. The best plan to adopt if a fire
breaks out to windward, is to circle round the nearest flank with all
expedition, gaining the space burnt by the advancing flames. On foot,
escape would be almost impossible; the jungle being impenetrable except
by a narrow footpath, and this being frequently overgrown with grass,
if no open spot be near at hand, inevitable destruction must be the
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