Rise of the tribal duchies in Germany, _ca._ 900. Saxony 69 25. Rise of the tribal duchies. Suabia 70 26. Henry I and the Saxon cities 71 27. The election of Otto I, 936 72 28. Otto I and the Hungarians, 955 75 29. The imperial coronation of Otto I, 962 78 30. The acquisition of Burgundy by the empire, 1018-32. Thietmar of Merseburg 79 31. The acquisition of Burgundy. Wipo, Life of Conrad II 79 32. Henry III and the eastern frontier, 1040-43 80 Section II. The Papacy to the Accession of Gregory VII, 1073 82-131 33. Legislation concerning the election of bishops, fourth to ninth centuries 83 34. Pope to be chosen from the cardinal clergy 84 35. The Petrine theory as stated by Leo I, 440-461 85 36. The emperor gives the pope secular authority, 554 86 37. Letter from the church at Rome to the emperor at Constantinople, _ca._ 650 87 38. Letter from the church at Rome to the exarch of Ravenna, _ca._ 600 89 39. Gregory I sends missionaries to the English, 596. Bede 92 40. The oath of Boniface to Gregory II, 723 93 41. Letter of Gregory II to emperor Leo III, 726 or 727 95 42. Gregory III excommunicates iconoclasts, 731 101 43. Letter of Gregory III to Karl Martel, 739 101 44. Promise of Pippin to Stephen II, 753, 754 102 45. Donation of Pippin, 756 104 46. Promise of Karl to Adrian I, 774 105 47. Letter of Karl to Leo III, 796 107 48. Karl exercises authority in Rome, 800 108 49. Oath of Leo III before Karl, 800 108 50. Oath of the Romans to Ludwig the Pious and Lothar, 824 109 51. Letter of Ludwig II to Basil, emperor at Constantinople, 871 110 52. Papal elections to be held in the presence of the emperor's representatives, 898 113 53. Oath of Otto I to John XII, 961 114 54. Otto I confirms the pope in the possession of his lands, 962 115 55. Leo VIII grants the emperor the right to choose popes, 963 118 56. Letter of Sylvester II to Stephen of Hungary, 1000 119 57. Henry III deposes and creates popes, 1048 121 58. Oath of Robert Guiscard to Nicholas II, 1059 124 59.