A Source Book of Mediæval History: Documents Illustrative of European Life and Institutions from the German Invasions to the Renaissance
History
A Source Book of Mediæval History: Documents Illustrative of European Life and Institutions from the German Invasions to the Renaissance
Middle Ages -- Sources
=21.= The customs of the Germans differ widely from those of the
Gauls;[1] for neither have they Druids to preside over religious
services,[2] nor do they give much attention to sacrifices. They
count in the number of their gods those only whom they can see, and
by whose favors they are clearly aided; that is to say, the Sun,
Vulcan,[3] and the Moon. Of other deities they have never even
heard. Their whole life is spent in hunting and in war. From
childhood they are trained in labor and hardship....
[Sidenote: Their system of land tenure]
=22.= They are not devoted to agriculture, and the greater portion
of their food consists of milk, cheese, and flesh. No one owns a
particular piece of land, with fixed limits, but each year the
magistrates and the chiefs assign to the clans and the bands of
kinsmen who have assembled together as much land as they think
proper, and in whatever place they desire, and the next year compel
them to move to some other place. They give many reasons for this
custom--that the people may not lose their zeal for war through
habits established by prolonged attention to the cultivation of the
soil; that they may not be eager to acquire large possessions, and
that the stronger may not drive the weaker from their property;
that they may not build too carefully, in order to avoid cold and
heat; that the love of money may not spring up, from which arise
quarrels and dissensions; and, finally, that the common people may
live in contentment, since each person sees that his wealth is kept
equal to that of the most powerful.
[Sidenote: Leaders and officers in war and peace]
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