A Study of Association in InsanityKent, Grace Helen
Science
A Study of Association in Insanity
Kent, Grace Helen
Association of ideas; Psychology, Pathological
[Footnote 1: In the study of the reactions furnished by our normal
subjects it was possible to analyze the record of any subject only by
removing it from the mass of material which forms our tables, and
using as the standard of comparison the reactions of the remaining 999
subjects.]
In order to determine the influence of age, sex, and education upon
the tendency to give reactions of various values, we have selected
three groups of subjects for special study: (1) one hundred persons of
collegiate or professional education; (2) one hundred persons of
common school education, employed in one of the State hospitals as
attendants, but not as trained nurses; and (3) seventy-eight children
under sixteen years of age. The reactions given by these subjects have
been classified according to frequency of occurrence into seven
groups: (a) individual reactions (value 0); (b) doubtful reactions
(value ±); (c) reactions given by one other person (value 0.1 per
cent); (d) those given by from two to five others (value 0.2--0.5 per
cent); (e) those given by from six to fifteen others (value 0.6-1.5
per cent); (f) those given by from sixteen to one hundred others
(value 1.6--10.0 per cent); and (g) those given by more than one
hundred others (value over 10.0 per cent). The averages obtained from
these groups of subjects are shown in Table 1, and the figures for men
and women are given separately.
TABLE I
Value of reaction 0 ± 0.1 0.2-0.5 0.6-1.5 1.6-10 >10
Sex Number % % % % % % %
of cases
Persons of M.. 60 9.2 1.8 5.2 9.7 11.0 27.8 85.5
collegiate F... 40 9.5 1.8 8.0 9.8 11.7 28.0 83.4
education Both 100 9.3 1.8 4.7 8.7 11.8 28.2 34.4
Persons of M.. 50 5.8 1.6 8.6 8.3 10.2 81.6 88.7
common school F.. 50 4.6 1.8 8.8 7.1 9.4 82.0 42.1
education Both 100 5.2 1.4 3.5 7.7 9.8 81.8 40.4
School children M... 33 5.9 0.8 4.2 8.7 10.0 28.6 88.5
under 16 Jr. F.. 45 5.0 1.0 4.6 9.8 11.0 80.1 36.7
years of age Both 78 5.7 1.4 4.6 9.8 11.2 29.4 87.4
General average. Both.1000 6.8 1.5
It will be observed that the proportion of individual reactions given
by the subjects of collegiate education is slightly above the general
average for all subjects, while that of each of the other classes is
below the general average. In view, however, of the wide limits of
variation, among the thousand subjects, these deviations from the
general average are no larger than might quite possibly occur by
chance, and the number of cases in each group is so small that the
conclusion that education tends to increase the number of individual
reactions would hardly be justified.
It will be observed also that this comparative study does not show any
considerable differences corresponding to age or sex.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account