A study of some factors influencing fertility and sterility in the bullGilman, Herbert Lester
Science
A study of some factors influencing fertility and sterility in the bull
Gilman, Herbert Lester
Cattle; Infertility in animals; Livestock; Thesis (Ph. D.)
Carnett and others (38) recommend the following: “The method of staining
by iron-hematoxylin, particularly when supplemented by a cytoplasm
stain, has proved, on the whole, the most satisfactory, and possesses
the additional advantage of being absolutely permanent, a quality that
few anilines can boast. The method consisted of treating the fixed
object—and here the fixing agent was heat—with a two per cent solution
of iron-alum for from two to four hours. The excess of iron-alum was
then _completely_ removed by pure water, and the object treated with a
solution of hematoxylin (one per cent aqueous) for twelve hours or
longer. The cells by this time were perfectly black. However, a 1 per
cent solution of iron-alum removed the stain from the cytoplasm, leaving
the chromatin of the head, the centrosome, and the axial filament a
brilliant blue-black. Care must be taken that the preparation is not
over-decolorized. After decolorization a saturated aqueous solution of
eosin was added for from one to three minutes. This stained the
protoplasmic envelope pink, and, unless the envelope is overstained, the
view of the inner structures is not impaired in the least.”
Williams (17) recommends using two staining solutions, one of alcoholic
eosin and fuchsin, the other a diluted methylene blue. The results
obtained are, however, more or less erratic, due to the unstable
character of the former stain, and the ease with which one may over or
under stain. Many beautiful specimens may, nevertheless, be obtained by
this method. I have frequently used a fairly quick method, though one
not satisfactory in all cases, which consists of staining for five or
six minutes in a saturated aqueous solution of fuchsin, washing in
water, and counterstaining for a few seconds in a strong solution of
methylene blue. A quite satisfactory method is to stain from two to five
minutes in a saturated aqueous solution of methyl green, with the
application of gentle heat. The heat may be applied by warming the slide
over a gas flame as it steams, or by placing the jar containing the
stain in a hot water bath. The slide is then washed thoroughly and
counterstained for five minutes in a strong aqueous solution of eosin.
This is a fairly reliable method, and many excellent preparations may be
obtained by its use. The nucleus is stained green, the anterior part of
the head and all of the tail pink. So far, I have found this a very
reliable stain for routine work.
PATHOLOGY
In the genital tracts that I have studied, a complete pathological and
bacteriological examination was made wherever possible, but in many of
the abattoir animals, and certain others, gross and microscopical
examinations only could be made. The genital organs of one hundred and
ninety-six males have been examined, and the gross or microscopical
changes, or both, determined. The abattoir animals were from a large
slaughter house, and a small local plant.
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