Devaki (_Deva+ki_ or chanted by the Devas) is Brahmâ Vidya. "Vâsudeva" is Nigama. The "Gopis" and the cows are Riks. (Vedic Mantras) Brahmâ is the stick of Krishna. Rudra is His flute. Indra is the horn, "Gokula Vâna" is Vaikuntha. The trees are the Rishis of Vaikuntha. The Daityas (Trinâvarta and others) are greed, anger and other passions. Krishna, in the form of Gopa, is Hari. Râma is the Sesha serpent. The eight principal wives and the sixteen thousand and one hundred minor wives of Krishna are the Riks and Upanishads. "Chânûra" is Dvesha (Dislike). "Mushtika" is Matsara (Egoism, Envy). "Kubalaya pîda" is Darpa (pride). "Vaka" is Garva (Arrogance). "Rohini" is Dayâ (Tenderness). "Satya bhama" is Ahinsâ, (Non-Injury). "Agha" is some fatal disease, such as consumption &c. "Kansa" is Kali(?) (The commentator Nârâyana says that by Kali we are here to understand Kalaha or quarrel, for Kansa is the incarnation of Kâlanemi and Duryodhana is the incarnation of Kali.). "Sudâman" is Sama (restraint of the mind). "Akrûra" is Satya (Truth). "Uddhava" is Dama (restraint of the senses). "Sankha" is Vishnu himself in the form of Lakshmî. The Milk products of the Gopis correspond to the ocean of milk in the universe. Kasyapa is the Ulûkhala (wooden mortar used in cleansing rice), to which Krishna was tied by Yasodâ. The rope that was used in the tying of Sri Krishna is Aditi. Chakra is Veda. The garland Vaijayanti is Dharma. The umbrella is Âkasa. Gadâ is the Goddess Kalika. The bow of horn (Sârnga) is the Mâyâ of Vishnu. The Arrow is Kâla, the destroyer of all lives. The Lotus is the seed of the universe. Garuda is the religious fig tree named Bhândira. The following is taken from GOPI CHANDANA UPANISHAD. "What is Gopi? "She who preserves. "Preserves from what? "Preserves people from Naraka, from death and from fear." HARIVANSA says: — "Kansa is Kâlanemi, "Kesin is Haya Grîva, "Arishta is son of Bali, the Elephant is Rishta, son of Diti, Chânûra and Mushtika are the Asuras, Varaha and Kisora." PADMA PURANA throws the greatest light on the Vrindâvana Lilâ of Sri Krishna. The chapters refer to the Pâtâla Khanda of that Purâna. Ch. 38. Of innumerable Brahmândas (solar systems), there is one supreme seat, that of Vishnu. Of this seat, Goloka is the highest aspect, and Vaikuntha, Śiva Loka and others are the lower aspects. Goloka is represented on the earth by Gokula, and Vaikuntha by Dvârakâ. Vrindâvana is within the jurisdiction of Mathurâ. Mathurâ has the form of the thousand-petalled lotus, situated in the head. Of the forests in Gokula, the twelve chief ones are: — Bhadra, Sri, Loha, Bhândira, Mahâvana, Tâla, Khadir, Bakula, Kumud, Kâmya, Madhu and Vrindâvan. There are several sub-forests too, which witnessed some scene or other of Krishna Lilâ. Gokula is the thousand-petalled lotus and its disc is the seat of Govinda.