"_Kâla_ is the disturber of _Gunas_", replied Maitreya, "causing transformations. In itself it is without any particularity and is without beginning or end. "With Kâla as the Nimitta or efficient cause, Bhagavân only manifested Himself. The Universe has no separate existence from that of Brahmâ. It is only Kâla that makes the Universe manifest." The Creation of Brahmâ is ninefold, Prâkrita and Vaikrita, Prâkrita-Vaikrita being the tenth. The Pralaya is of three kinds: 1) By Kâla or Nitya. Flow of time is the only cause of this Pralaya. 2) By Dravya or Naimittika. Dravya is the fire from the mouth of Sankarshana, at the end of one Kalpa. 3) By Guna or Prâkritika, the Gunas devouring their own actions. The forms of Pralaya will be considered in the study of the Twelfth Branch. _A. — Prâkrita Creation, *i.e._ the Creation of Principles or Tatvas.* I. _Mahat_ — Which is the out-come of the first disturbance of the equilibrium of the Gunas. II. _Ahankâra_ — Dravya + Jnâna + Kriyâ. III. _Tanmâtra_ — Result of Dravya Śakti. IV. _Indriyas_ — Result of Jnâna and Kriyâ Śakti. V. _Vaikârika_ — Devas and Manas. VI. The five-fold Tâmasika creation. _B. — Vaikrita or Individual Creation._ VII. _Urdha Srotas_ — or with upward current of the food taken, the Sthâvara or Immobile kingdom with six divisions. 1) _Vânaspati_ — Plants that fructify without flowers. 2) _Oshadhi_ — Creepers that last till the ripening of fruits. 3) _Latâ_ — Ascending creepers. 4) _Tvaksâra_ — Those of which the growth is not in the centre, but in the dermal regions, as bamboos. 5) _Virudh_ — Non-ascending woody creepers. 6) _Druma_ — Flowering plants. The consciousness of all the six classes is almost obscured by Tamas. They are sensitive only to internal touch. They have many peculiarities. VIII. _Tiryak-Srotas._ — With slanting food current. The position of the animal stomach as regards the animal mouth is such that food is not taken in vertically, but either horizontally or slantingly. The animal kingdom has 28 divisions. The animals are ignorant, with predominating Tamas, with the sense of smell largely developed in them so much that they mostly perceive by that sense, and with the faculties of the heart entirely undeveloped. The 28 classes are: 1. _Living on the ground._ i. — _The cloven-footed._ (1) Cow, (2) goat, (3) buffalo (4) krishnasara, the spotted antelope, (5) hog, (6) gavaya, a species of ox, (7) ruru, a kind of deer, (8) sheep, (9) camel. ii. — _The whole hoofed._ (10) Ass, (n) horse, (12) mule, (13) goura, a kind of deer, (14) sarabha, a kind of deer, (15) chamari, a kind of deer.