7. Where, according to tradition, did the early Slavonians settle in Europe? 8. How are the forces of nature represented in the ancient marriage songs? 9. What custom is illustrated in "The Sowing of the Millet"? 10. What connection is there between the funeral wails of modern and of ancient Russia? 11. What was the festival of Kolyada? 12. What Christian character has been given to the ancient "Glory Song"? 13. Why is pork commonly used at the Russian New-Year? 14. What different dates have been observed for the opening of the New-Year? 15. What remarkable fact is true of the preservation of the Russian epic songs? 16. How were the religious ballads brought before the people? 17. Describe some of the characteristics of these ballads. 18. Into what three groups do the epic songs naturally fall? 19. What is the Lay of Sadko? 20. What are the favorite subjects of the songs of the "Imperial Cycle"? 21. What interesting discovery of modern epic songs has recently been made? 22. Why have the songs of the Kieff Cycle died out in their own country? BIBLIOGRAPHY _The Epic Songs of Russia._ Isabel F. Hapgood. _Myths and Folk-Tales of Russians, Western Slavs, and Magyars._ Jeremiah Curtin. _Cossack Fairy-Tales._ R. Nisbet Bain. _Sixty Folk-Tales from Exclusively Slavonic Sources._ A. H. Wratislaw. _Russian Fairy-Tales._ R. Nisbet Bain. _Fairy-Tales of the Slav Peasants and Herdsmen._ From the French of Alexander Chodsko. _Songs of the Russian People and Russian Folk-Tales._ W. R. S. Ralston. _Slavonic Fairy-Tales._ M. Gastner. _Slavonic Literature and its Relations to the Folk-Lore of Europe._ M. Gastner. _Russian Folk-Songs as Sung by the People._ Mme. Eugenie Lineff. FOOTNOTES: [1] A Tatar word, signifying "tower"; used to mean the part of the house where the women were secluded, in Oriental fashion. [2] Lord, in the original, is Gosudar, the word which, with a capital, is applied especially to the emperor. [3] The dramatist Ostrovsky has made effective use of this game, and the more prophetic couplets of the song, in his famous play: "Poverty is not a Vice." Other national customs and songs are used in his play. CHAPTER II THE ANCIENT PERIOD, FROM THE INTRODUCTION OF CHRISTIANITY TO THE TATAR DOMINION, 988-1224.