_Inclination of the pelvis._ The angle which the axis of the superior aperture of the pelvis forms with the horizon, when a woman is in the upright posture, necessarily marks what has been called _the inclination of her pelvis_, and varies, of course, in proportion to the angle which the above mentioned axis forms. In a tall woman of slender figure, where the different curves of the spinal columns are slight, the inclination of the pelvis is much less than in a short thick set woman, where the spine is much more strongly curved. Where the inclination is slight, the hollow of the sacrum is generally small, and the vulva directed more forwards; where, on the other hand, the pelvis is much inclined, the hollow of the sacrum is generally observed to be deep, and the vulva directed more or less backwards. The axis of the lower aperture or outlet appears to depend, in great measure, on the curve which the lower part of the sacrum takes downwards and forwards; but, as a general rule, we think it will be found to form, more or less, a right angle with the axis of the brim. The greater the angle which the axis of the brim forms with the horizon, the less will be that which the axis of the outlet forms, and _vice versâ_; or, in other words, the angle with the horizon which the axis of the one forms is inversely to that of the other. The consideration of the various deviations, as to size and form, from the natural proportions which the female pelvis occasionally presents, belongs, more strictly speaking, to that species of faulty labour which arises from these conditions. We, therefore, refer to the fourth species of dystocia, viz. _Dystocia Pelvica_, where the different pelvic anormalities are described. CHAPTER II. FEMALE ORGANS OF GENERATION. _Internal and external.--Ovaria.--Ovum.--Corpus luteum.--Fallopian tubes.--Uterus.--Vagina.--Hymen.--Clitoris.--Nymphæ.--Labia._