A Text-book of Entomology: Including the Anatomy, Physiology, Embryology and Metamorphoses of Insects for Use in Agricultural and Technical Schools and Colleges as Well as by the Working EntomologistPackard, A. S. (Alpheus Spring)
Science
A Text-book of Entomology: Including the Anatomy, Physiology, Embryology and Metamorphoses of Insects for Use in Agricultural and Technical Schools and Colleges as Well as by the Working Entomologist
Packard, A. S. (Alpheus Spring)
Insects
In the Neuroptera unmistakable taste-cups are not always present. In
_Sialis infumata_ along the median line of the epipharynx and near
the front are about 20 scattered gustatory pegs, which are minute,
but longer and more acute than usual. In _Chauliodes maculatus_
there are one or two taste-cups under the front edge of the clypeus;
others are scattered along the middle from the base of the labrum to
the front, but are not arranged in definite order. In _Corydalis
cornutus_ no sense-cups, pits, or rods are present. In Chrysopa
there are scattered cups armed with a short acute bristle, which are
possibly gustatory in function. In _Myrmeleon diversum_ also the
presence of sense-pits or of taste-cups is doubtful, though a group
of about 12 pits on each side of the clypeal region of the
epipharynx, and a few situated at the base of the labral region, may
be endowed with the sense of taste. In _Mantispa brunnea_, however,
along the middle of the epipharynx are scattered about 30
unmistakable taste-cups, each bearing a short, fine hair.
In the Mecoptera (_Panorpa debilis?_) taste-cups, giving rise to a
minute hair, occur on the labium in two regions, and also on the
maxillæ situated on the stipes near the base of the palpi, and on
the lacinia and galea. They are also to be found on the maxillæ of
_Boreus californicus_, but were not detected on the labium.
They were first detected by Reuter in various microlepidoptera, and
occur on the “basal spot” of the palpi of many butterflies. In a
Tineid moth (_Coleophora coruscipennella_) we have detected what we
suppose to be a group of four taste-pits on the inner side of the
basal joint of the labial palpi.
=Experimental proof.=—No one, says Lubbock, who has ever watched a bee
or wasp can entertain the slightest doubt as to their possession of the
sense of taste. “Forel mixed morphine and strychnine with some honey,
which he offered to his ants. Their antennæ gave them no warning. The
smell of the honey attracted them, and they began to feed; but the
moment the honey touched their lips they perceived the fraud.”
Will at first fed wasps with sugar, so that they frequently visited it;
afterwards he substituted alum for the sugar. Eagerly flying to it, they
had scarcely touched it when they drew back from the distasteful
substance with the most comical gestures, and cleaned their tongues by
frequently running them in and out, repeatedly stroking them with their
fore feet. He noticed a great repugnance to quinine in nearly all the
insects experimented on. Bees and wasps were observed to have a more
delicate gustatory sense than flies, etc., which are more omnivorous in
their tastes.
LITERATURE ON THE ORGANS OF TASTE
=Meinert, F.= Bidrag til de danske myrers naturhistorie. (Kgl. Dansk
Vidensk. selsk. skrifter. Kjoebenhavn. Raekke 5 Naturvid. og math.
Afd., v, 1861, pp. 273–340.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account