=Wolff, O. J. B.= Das Riechorgan der Biene. (Nova acta d. K. Leop.-Carol. Akad., xxxviii, 1875, pp. 1–251, 8 Taf.) =Joseph, G.= Zur Morphologie des Geschmacksorganes bei Insekten. (Amtlicher Bericht der 50. Versammlung deutscher Naturforscher und Aerzte in München, 1877, pp. 227–228.) =Künckel et Gazagnaire.= Du siège de la gustation chez les insectes Diptères. Constitution anatomique et physiologique de l’epipharynx et l’hypopharynx. (Comptes-rend. Acad. Sc., Paris, 1881, xcv, pp. 347–350.) —— Recherches sur l’organisation et le développement des Diptères et en particulaire des Volucelles, i, 1875, ii, 1881, 26 Pls. =Kraepelin, K.= Zur Kenntniss der Anatomie und Physiologie des Rüssels von Musca. (Zeitschr. f. wissens. Zool., xxxix, 1883, pp. 683–719, 2 Taf.) =Kirbach, P.= Ueber die Mundwerkzeuge der Schmetterlinge. (Zool. Anzeiger, 1883, pp. 553–558, 2 Figs.) =Will, F.= Das Geschmacksorgan der Insekten. (Zeitschr. f. wissens. Zool., 1885, xlii, pp. 674–707, 1 Taf.) =Gazagnaire, J.= Du siège de la gustation chez les insectes Coléoptères. (Comptes-rend. Acad. Sc., Paris, 1886, cii, pp. 629–632; Ann. Soc. Ent. France, Sér. 6, Bull., pp. 79–80.) =Forel, A.= Expériences et remarques critiques sur les sensations des insectes. 2^{me} Part. (Recueil Zool. Suisse, iv, 1887, pp. 161–240.) =Reuter, Enzio.= Ueber den “Basalfleck” auf den Palpen der Schmetterlinge. (Zool. Anzeiger, 1888, pp. 500–503.) —— Ueber die Palpen der Rhopaloceren, etc., 6 Taf. Helsingfors, 1896, pp. 1–578. (Acta Soc. Sc. Fennicæ, xxii, 1896.) =Packard, A. S.= On the occurrence of organs, probably of taste, in the epipharynx of the Mecoptera (Panorpa and Boreus). (Psyche, 1889, v, pp. 159–164.) —— Notes on the epipharynx, and the epipharyngeal organs of taste in mandibulate insects. (Psyche, 1889, v, pp. 193–199, 222–228.) Also Lubbock’s Senses, etc., of animals, and the writings of Briant, Breithaupt (titles on p. 85). _d._ The organs of hearing Although it has been denied by Forel that insects have the sense of hearing, yet the majority of writers and experimenters agree that insects are not deaf. On general grounds if, as we know, many insects produce sounds, it must follow that they have ears to hear, for there is every reason to suppose that the sounds thus made are, as in other animals, either for attracting the sexes, for a means of communication, or to express the emotions. We will begin by briefly describing the structures now generally supposed to be auditory in function, and about which there can be no reasonable doubt, and then consider the more problematical organs, closing with an account of the extremely various means of producing sounds and cries.