Glazing, 167 ―, influence on strength, 198 Gossypium fibres, 39, 46 Gould’s beater, 122 Greenbank soda, 178 Grinding straw pulp, 101 ― wood to pulp, 105 Guillotine cutter, 174 Gun-cotton, 9 Half-stuff defined, 88 ―, freeing from bleaching liquor, 127 ―, removing bleaching liquor from, by antichlor, 127 ―, washing out bleaching liquor from, 127 Hand-made paper, 144 Hartig-Reusch paper-testing machine, 194 Hemp, 39, 46, 49 ―, characters, 49 ―, composition, 50 ― fibres, dimensions, 39 ―, forms in which employed, 50 ―, general chemical characteristic, 50 ―, micro-chemical reaction, 50 ―, microscopic features, 49 ―, section, 50 Hermite’s electrolytic bleaching, 115 Hibiscus strictus fibre, 44, 46 Humus and cellulose, 15 Hydracellulose, 12 Hydrochloric acid and cellulose, 13 ― ― ― ligno-cellulose, 22 ― ― in bleaching pulps, 112 Hydrolytic resolution of compound celluloses, 63 Igniting recovered soda, 186 Iodine and jute, 17 ― ― lignified tissue, 17 ― ― starch paper, making, 130 ― reaction, details of manipulation, 40 ― solution, 36 ― ―, testing, 36 Iron boilers, 76 ― oxide causticising process, 232 Jolly’s balance, 135 Jordan beater, 121 Jute, 33, 39, 44, 46, 52 ― and bromine, 18 ― ― chlorine, 18 ― ― iodine, 17 ―, boiling, 103 ―, character, 52 ― compared with cellulose, 17 ―, cutting, 103 ―, dark paper from, 103 ― fibres, dimensions, 39 ―, forms in which employed, 53 ―, general chemical characteristic, 53 ―, micro-chemical reactions, 52 ―, microscopic features, 52 ―, objection to acid in bleaching, 112 ―, reactions, 17 ―, treating for paper, 64 ―, willowing, 103 Kaolin, estimating, 203 ―, loading, 131 Kingsland beater, 121 Knives for cutters, 171 ― of beater, 120 ― ― ―, cutting in situ, 121 Knotter, 151 Laid paper, 156 Lead lining to beater, 120 ― solutions and cellulose, 8 Leaden boilers, 75 Leaf fibres, 2 Lignification estimated by aniline, 43 ― of cellulose, 17 Lignified tissue and chlorine, 18 ― ― ― iodine, 17 Ligno-cellulose, 20 ―, aldehydic character, 25 ―, and dilute alkalis, 21 ― and dilute mineral acids, 20 ― and hot water, 21 ― and hydrochloric acid, 22 ― and mineral acids, 20 ― and nitro-sulphuric acid, 22 ― and sulphuric acid, 22 ―, animal digestion of, 23 ―, decay of, 23 ―, decomposition by heat, 23 ―, distribution, 23 ―, treating for paper, 64 Lime, action on cellulose, 84 ― and sulphur for neutralising bleaching powder, 129 ― boiled with rags, 83 ― for causticising, 190 ―, milk of, 177 ― mud, 190 ― ―, composition, 191 ― ―, filtering, 190 ― salts in water, 212 ― sulphate loading, 131 ― unsuited for esparto, 89 Lime-tree, composition, 61 Linden bast fibres, 39, 54 Linen, 46 ― in paper, detecting, 199, 201