― ― processes for wood, 70 ― ― processes, objection to, 75 Sunda, see Sunn hemp. Sunn hemp, 44, 46, 50 ― ―, characters, 50 ― ―, composition, 50 ― ―, general chemical characteristics, 50 ― ―, micro-chemical reactions, 50 ― ―, microscopic features, 50 Synthesis of cellulose, 15 Table of processes for resolving wood, 78 ― of strengths of alum solutions, 143 ― ― ― of caustic soda solutions, 109 Teazing needles, 38 Telegram paper, 104 Test paper, making, 130 Testing antichlor, 130 ― iodine solution, 36 ― paper, 193 ― ― by rubbing, 197 Textile trade waste, treating for paper, 62 Thickness of paper, gauging, 153 ― ― ―, measuring, 198 Thompson’s rag-bleaching process, 115 Thune’s mechanical wood pulp, 107 Tilghmann’s sulphurous acid process, 70 Tilia grandifolia fibre, 39, 54 Time of boiling rags, 84 Toned paper, 142 Trade statistics, 221 Triacetyl cellulose, 8 Tub sizing, 137 ― ― on the machine, 160 Twaddle degrees, converting into specific gravity, 109 Ultramarine, 141 Umpherstoil’s beater, 123 Urtica dioica fibre, 52 ― heterophylla fibre, 44 Vacuum strainer, 148 Victory cutter, 174 Vinegar plant forming cellulose, 16 Vomiting boiler, 91 Washing boiled esparto, 95 ― ― rags, 85 ― ― straw, 100 ― out bleaching liquor from half-stuff, 127 Waste paper, pulp from, 104 Water and ligno-cellulose, 21 ― at high temperature and cellulose, 15 ―, clarifier, 211 ―, clarifying, 125 ―, filter bags, 126 ― for beaters, 125 ―, lime salts, 212 ― marks, 145, 156 ―, Porter-Clark process, 214 ― proportion to pulp in beating, 118 ―, purification, 211 ―, quantity for boiling rags, 84 ― resolving wood by, 65 ―, settling ponds, 125 ―, soft, objections to, 216 ―, soluble impurities, 212 Water supply, 210 Web glazing, 167 Webster on analysis of fibres, 42 Weighing paper ash, 134 Weight per ream, 176 Weighting paper, 130 Wet end of machine, 154 ― felt, 157 Wheat straw, 98 White fir fibre, 61 ― pine for mechanical wood pulp, 108 Width of paper, gauging, 152 Willesden canvas, 219 ― paper, 219 ― scrim, 219 ― welded goods, 220 Willowing adansonia fibre, 103 ― jute, 103 ― Manilla hemp, 103 ― rags, 81 Winding, 160 Wire-cloth, 153 ― in rag washer, 87 ―, shifting, 156 Wood, acid processes, 69 ―, amount of bleaching powder needed by, 112 ―, bisulphite processes, 71 ―, boiling with sulphites, 74 ―, chemical, in paper, detecting, 200 ―, cutting up for pulp, 105 ―, grinding, 105 ―, mechanical, in paper, detecting, 200, 201 ―, objection to acid in bleaching, 112 ― processes, table of, 78 ― pulps, 60 ― ―, ash, 136 ― ― beating, 117 ― ―, dimensions of fibre, 119 ― ―, dry, preparing, 119 ― ― from aspen, 108 ― ― from white pine, 108 ― ―, mechanical, 105