LYCIAN: the principal Lycian monuments are found in Myra, Antiphellus, and Telmissus. Some of the monolithic tombs have been removed to the British and other European museums. JEWISH: the temples have been mentioned above. The palace of Solomon. The rock-cut monolithic tomb of Siloam. So-called tombs of Absalom and Zechariah, structural; probably of Herod’s time or later. Rock-cut Tombs of the Kings; of the Prophets, etc. City gates (Herodian or early Christian period). CHAPTER VI. GREEK ARCHITECTURE. BOOKS RECOMMENDED: As before, Reber. Also, Anderson and Spiers, _Architecture of Greece and Rome_. Baumeister, _Denkmäler der Klassischen Alterthums_. Bötticher, _Tektonik der Hellenen_. Chipiez, _Histoire critique des ordres grecs_. Curtius, Adler and Treu, _Die Ausgrabungen zu Olympia_. Durm, _Antike Baukunst_ (in _Handbuch d. Arch._). Frazer, _Pausanias’ Description of Greece_. Hitorff, _L’architecture polychrome chez les Grecs_. Michaelis, _Der Parthenon_. Penrose, _An Investigation, etc., of Athenian Architecture_. Perrot and Chipiez, _History of Art in Primitive Greece_; _La Grèce de l’Epopée_; _La Grèce archaïque_. Stuart and Revett, _Antiquities of Athens_. Tarbell, _History of Greek Art_. Texier, _L’Asie Mineure_. Wilkins, _Antiquities of Magna Græcia_. +GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS.+ Greek art marks the beginning of European civilization. The Hellenic race gathered up influences and suggestions from both Asia and Africa and fused them with others, whose sources are unknown, into an art intensely national and original, which was to influence the arts of many races and nations long centuries after the decay of the Hellenic states. The Greek mind, compared with the Egyptian or Assyrian, was more highly intellectual, more logical, more symmetrical, and above all more inquiring and analytic. Living nowhere remote from the sea, the Greeks became sailors, merchants, and colonizers. The Ionian kinsmen of the European Greeks, speaking a dialect of the same language, populated the coasts of Asia Minor and many of the islands, so that through them the Greeks were open to the influences of the Assyrian, Phœnician, Persian, and Lycian civilizations. In Cyprus they encountered Egyptian influences, and finally, under Psammetichus, they established in Egypt itself the Greek city of Naukratis. They were thus by geographical situation, by character, and by circumstances, peculiarly fitted to receive, develop, and transmit the mingled influences of the East and the South. [Illustration: FIG. 22.--LION GATE AT MYCENÆ.]