24. 2. The Claims upon Claims which each hath to the others Estates, and the facility of making good any pretence whatsoever by the favour of some one or other of the many Governours and Ministers which within forty years shall be in power there; as also by the frequency of false testimonies, and abuse of solemn Oaths. 25. 3. The paucity of Inhabitants, there being not above the 1./5.^{th.} part so many as the Territory would maintain, and of those but a small part do work at all, and yet a smaller work so much as in other Countreys. 26. 4. That a great part of the Estates both real and personal in _Ireland_ are owned by Absentees, and such as draw over the profits raised out of _Ireland_ refunding nothing; so as _Ireland_ exporting more then it imports doth yet grow poorer to a paradox. 27. 5. The difficulty of executing justice, so many of those in power being themselves protected by Offices, and protecting others. Moreover, the number of criminous and indebted persons being great, they favour their like in Juries, Offices, and wheresoever they can: Besides the Countrey is seldom rich enough to give due encouragement to profound Judges and Lawyers, which makes judgements very casual; ignorant men being more apt to be bold and arbitrary, then such as understand the dangers of it. But all this a little care in due season might remedy, so as to bring _Ireland_ in a few years to the same level of values with other places; but of this also elsewhere more at large, for in the next place we shall come to Usury. CHAP. V. _Of Usury._ What reason there is for taking or giving Interest or Usury for any thing which we may certainly have again whensoever we call for it, I see not; nor why Usury should be scrupled, where money or other necessaries valued by it, is lent to be paid at such a time and place as the Borrower chuseth, so as the Lender cannot have his money paid him back where and when himself pleaseth, I also see not. Wherefore when a man giveth out his money upon condition that he may not demand it back until a certain time to come, whatsoever his own necessities shall be in the mean time, he certainly may take a compensation for this inconvenience which he admits against himself: And this allowance is that we commonly call Usury. 2. And when one man furnisheth another with money at some distant place, and engages under great Penalties to pay him there, and at a certain day besides; the consideration for this, is that we call Exchange or local Usury. As for example, if a man wanting money at _Carlisle_ in the heat of the late Civil Wars, when the way was full of Souldiers and Robbers, and the passage by Sea very long, troublesome, and dangerous, and seldom passed; why might not another take much more then an 100_l._ at _London_ for warranting the like summe to be paid at _Carlisle_ on a certain day?