I will not appeal to the different history that belongs to cases that are differently treated. But I do earnestly appeal to the pathology that has been stated; that, at least, is experience, and it teaches a lesson, which it is worse than foolish to despise or to forget. Every symptom just enumerated, has been detailed over and over again in the cases that have been laid before the reader: inspection after death must have made the conditions of the organs, as indicated by those symptoms, familiar to his mind. Of what avail can bleeding be, when the patient is brought into the condition which first excites alarm, in the case here supposed? The blood is no longer in its vessels; it is beneath the membranes, or in the ventricles, or at the base of the brain; the inflamed capillaries have done their work upon the cerebral substance and upon its membranes; and have left proof enough of their activity, in the thickening of the one, and the softening or the induration of the other. What can blood-letting do in this state of the organs? What can shaving the head, and applying cold do? What can blisters do? What can purgatives do? And above all, what can wine do? Nothing can be done; at least, nothing effectually or certainly. If there be still pain, if the sensibility be little diminished, if the pulse be not very quick and weak, it may yet be possible to check the further progress of the inflammation; to prevent the disorganization of the brain from advancing; but the means to accomplish this, must now be tried with the most extreme caution: perhaps, in the whole compass of medical practice, there is no case which requires a nicer discrimination than this, when it has arrived at this point. The abstraction of a few ounces of blood may stop the inflammatory action of the vessels before they have produced such a change of structure as is incompatible with life, and such as the powers of life cannot repair. But if the abstraction, even of this minute quantity of blood, at this point of the inflammatory process, do not put a stop to that process, the remedy will co-operate with the disease, to depress the powers of life, and will deprive the patient of what chance of recovery he might otherwise have had. To decide in a case which requires such nice discernment, and in which, even with the best discernment that can be exercised, the event must always be so doubtful, is a task which few physicians, who understand the nature of it, find either easy or agreeable.