adynamic state, need not be pointed out: the disease is concentrated in the very organ which elaborates the pabulum of life, and that stream which should convey its vivifying and animating influence to every nook and point of the system is corrupted at its source. It is in these cases, too, that the tongue becomes dryer than in any other; in its advanced stage it is sometimes quite black and even hard, and is altogether incapable of being protruded. Sometimes it is covered with a thick, black and hard crust; at other times it is cut into deep fissures, so as to give it a cracked appearance. These states of the tongue without doubt arise in part from the excessive dryness, occasioned by the mouth being kept always open, on account of the difficulty of respiring. Such are the most characteristic marks of thoracic affection in typhus; as an illustration of which, as it occurs, perhaps, in the severest form ever witnessed in this country, the following case may be cited. CASE XIV. ALEXANDER CROMBIE, æt. 19, seaman. The mate of his vessel states that, notwithstanding some previous indisposition, three days ago he was on duty; that while on watch, about eleven o’clock at night, he became too ill to remain at his post, and that, since that time, he has scarcely spoken a word. At present he is incapable of giving any account of himself. He is dull, stupid, and, when roused, is scarcely able to answer coherently; he does not speak, but he is constantly picking at the bed-clothes; there is extreme restlessness; the countenance is heavy and inexpressive; the features in general are swollen, the lips especially, which are also extremely parched. The entire skin is dusky, but the cheeks are of a deep red colour, approaching to a purple hue; the integuments of the eye are dark; the conjunctiva injected; the tongue brown and quite dry; the lips and teeth sordid; respiration oppressed; occasional cough; pulse from 130 to 140; small and thrilling; skin, especially over the scalp, hot; tenderness of abdomen on full pressure. 4th. Cerebral symptoms the same; cough frequent, difficult; respiration short and hurried; pupils dilated, not contracting on exposure to light; conjunctiva injected; pulse small, hurried, irregular; all the stools passed in bed; pressure over the abdomen induces cough and apparently excites pain. Died in the evening. See pathology. III. TYPHUS MITIOR, WITH ABDOMINAL AFFECTION.