The second roller is next to be applied. The end of this is carried under the arm-pit of the sound side. It is then brought across the breast, over the superior part of the diseased arm, and extends across the thorax behind till it passes under the arm-pit. Two circular turns cover the first. The roller must then ascend to the lower part of the shoulder, by oblique turns (c. c. Fig. 3), each of which must be overlapped by the succeeding one, to the extent of about the third part of its breadth. It is necessary that these turns be applied in such a way, as to bind but very gently above, and to increase in tightness, as they descend nearer to the lower extremity of the humerus. The use of this second roller is, to supply the place of the hand of the assistant, in pressing the arm against the side of the thorax; its effect evidently is to draw the upper extremity of the arm outwards, and, as it is already directed backwards, to retain it in that position. The compression of the circular turns on the arm, being thus gradually augmented, becomes, on the one hand, more efficacious, because it acts on a greater surface, and on the other, less troublesome, because, being more divided, it is less felt at the lower extremity of the arm, where it bears with most force. 38. A third indication remains still to be fulfilled, namely, to retain the shoulder in its elevated position, and, by that means, to assist in the extension of the fragments, which already has some effect in preventing a depression.