The new _Quai de Gesvres_ was constructed in 1787, and all the shops which formed a long narrow alley for foot passengers only, were destroyed. At this time no person was permitted to walk in any other part of the _Tuileries_ gardens than in the terrace of the _Feuillans_, which is parallel to the _Rue St. Honore_, and under the windows of the _National Assembly_; the only fence to the other part of the garden was a blue ribband extended between two chairs. Hitherto cockades of silk had been worn, the _aristocrats_ wore such as were of a paler blue and red, than those worn by the _democrats_, and the former were even distinguished by their carriages, on which a cloud was painted upon the arms, which entirely obliterated them, (of these I saw above thirty in the evening _promenade_, in the _Bois de Boulogne_:) but on the 30th of July, every person was compelled by the people to wear a linen cockade, without any distinction in the red and blue colours. EXECUTION OF TWO CRIMINALS, WITH A BEHEADING MACHINE. ON the 4th of August a criminal was beheaded, in the _Place de Greve_. I did not see the execution, because, as the hour is never specified, I might have waited many hours in a crowd, from which there is no extricating one's self. I was there immediately after, and saw the machine, which was just going to be taken away. I went into a coffee-house and made a drawing, which is here engraven. It is called _la Guillotine_, from the name of the person who first brought it into use in Paris: that at _Lisle_ is called _le Louison_, for a similar reason. In English it is termed a maiden.[10] [Note 10: Mr. Pennant, in the second volume of his Tour in Scotland, has given a long account of such a machine, from which the following particulars are taken. "It was confined to the limits of the forest of Hardwick, or the eighteen towns and hamlets within its precincts. The execution was generally at Halifax; Twenty five criminals suffered during the reign of Queen Elizabeth; the records before that time were lost. Twelve more were executed between 1623 and 1650, after which it is supposed the privilege was no more exerted.----This machine is now destroyed, but there is one of the same kind, in a room under the Parliament house, at Edinburgh, where it was introduced by the Regent Morton, who took a model of it as he passed through Halifax, and at length suffered by it himself. It is in form of a painters easel, and about ten feet high: at four feet from the bottom is a cross-bar, on which the felon laid his head, which was kept down by another placed above. In the inner edges of the frame are grooves; in these is placed a sharp axe, with a vast weight of lead, supported at the summit by a peg; to that peg is fastened a cord, which the executioner cutting, the axe falls, and beheads the criminal. If he was condemned for stealing a horse or a cow, the string was tied to the beast, which pulled out the peg and became the executioner."]