TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE This book was first published in 1657. In this etext the character ſ (long-form s) has been replaced by the modern s, and the character vv has been replaced by w. Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}, for example y^e or w^{ch}. Several pages have examples of long division showing some numbers with strikethrough (Unicode combining Short Stroke Overlay). On this device the number 123 for example, with strikethrough, will display as: 1̸2̸3̸ Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the text and consultation of external sources. Except for those changes in the Note at the end of the book, all misspellings in the text, and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. All the changes in the Errata at the back of the book have been applied to the etext. Several other occurrences of Gnaver and Milion have also been changed to Guaver and Milon. [Illustration: (left side of map of Barbados)] [Illustration: (right side of map of Barbados) Novissima et Acuratissima BARBADOS. DESCRIPTIO per JOHANNEM OGILUIUM. Cosmographum Regium] A TRVE & EXACT HISTORY Of the Island of BARBADOS. Illustrated with a Mapp of the Island, as also the Principall Trees and Plants there, set forth in their due Proportions and Shapes, drawne out by their severall and respective Scales. Together with the Ingenio that makes the Sugar, with the Plots of the severall Houses, Roomes, and other places, that are used in the whole processe of Sugar-making; _viz._ the Grinding- room, the Boyling-room, the Filling-room, the Curing-house, Still-house, and Furnaces; All cut in Copper. By RICHARD LIGON Gent. [Illustration: (colophon)] _LONDON_, Printed for _Humphrey Moseley_, at the _Prince_’s _Armes_ in St. _Paul_’s _Church-yard_: 1657. [Illustration: (decorative banner)] _To my most Honoured, and highly esteemed Friend_, D^r BRIAN DUPPA, L^d B^p _of SALISBURIE_. _Honour’d Sir_,