Dutch society in the East--Batavian etiquette-- English residents--Clubs--Harmonie--Concordia-- Lawn-tennis--Planters--Horse-racing 207 CHAPTER XIII. THE HINDU JAVANESE LITERATURE. The Hindu Javanese literature concerned with the past--Javanese alphabet--Extent of Javanese works-- Kavi dialect--Krama and Ngoko--The Mahabharata and the Ramayana in Kavi--Native Kavi works--The Arjuna Vivaya--The Bharata Yuddha--Episode of Salya and Satiavati--Ethical poems--The Paniti Sastra-- Localization of Hindu mythology in Java 223 CHAPTER XIV. WORKS OF THE MOHAMMEDAN PERIOD. Uncertainty about the history of the Hindu kingdoms given by the chronicles--Character of the _babad_, or chronicle--Its historical value--Brumund's treatment of the babads--Account of the babad "Mangku Nagara"-- Prose works--The Niti Praja--The Surya Ngalam-- Romances--The Johar Manikam--Dramatic works--The Panjis--Wayang plays--Arabic works and influence--The theatre--The wayang 241 CHAPTER XV. SINGAPORE. Batavia and Singapore--Raffles' arrival in the East-- Determines to oppose the Dutch supremacy in the Archipelago--Occupation of Java--Is knighted--Returns from England--Foundation of Singapore--Uncertainty whether the settlement would be maintained--His death--Description of Singapore--Epilogue 263 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. PAGE MOUNT SALAK, FROM THE HÔTEL BELLE VUE, AT BUITENZORG Frontispiece A JAVANESE ACTRESS vi MOHAMMEDAN ARMOUR xii A PORTUGUESE HOUSE, BATAVIA _To face_ 6 CHINESE BARBER 37 PALACE OF A NATIVE PRINCE _To face_ 43 WOMAN COOKING RICE. KOMPOR " 51 A BULLOCK CART " 54 A SAWAH PLOUGH 61 THE KING'S PLAIN, BATAVIA _To face_ 67 BRIDGE LEADING TO THE PAZER BAROE, BATAVIA " 70 THE WATERLOO PLAIN, BATAVIA " 78 SKETCH MAP OF JAVA " 89 SECTION AND GROUND PLAN OF THE BORO-BOEDOER TEMPLE " 94 A JAVANESE COTTAGE " 114 NATIVES SQUATTING 116 A HAPPY CELESTIAL 133 A PRODUCE MILL _To face_ 156 ROSAMALA TREES " 170 WOMEN BARKING CINCHONA 176