Transcriber’s Note The use of =L= around a letter indicates bold. Hyphenations have been standardised. Changes made are noted at the end of the book. Because there are so many illustrations, it wasn't always possible to place them between paragraphs. CAMBRIDGE COUNTY GEOGRAPHIES ABERDEENSHIRE [Illustration] [Illustration: _The Cambridge University Press_ [Illustration: PHYSICAL MAP OF COUNTY OF ABERDEEN _Copyright. George Philip & Son L^{td}_ ] CAMBRIDGE COUNTY GEOGRAPHIES SCOTLAND General Editor: W. MURISON, M.A. ABERDEENSHIRE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS London: FETTER LANE, E.C. C. F. CLAY, MANAGER [Illustration] Edinburgh: 100, PRINCES STREET Berlin: A. ASHER AND CO. Leipzig: F. A. BROCKHAUS New York: G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS Bombay and Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO., LTD. _All rights reserved_ _Cambridge County Geographies_ ABERDEENSHIRE by ALEXANDER MACKIE, M.A. Late Examiner in English, Aberdeen University, and author of _Nature Knowledge in Modern Poetry_ With Maps, Diagrams and Illustrations Cambridge: at the University Press 1911 Cambridge: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS PAGE 1. County and Shire. The Origin of Aberdeenshire 1 2. General Characteristics 4 3. Size. Shape. Boundaries 10 4. Surface, Soil and General Features 15 5. Watershed. Rivers. Lochs 20 6. Geology 35 7. Natural History 43 8. Round the Coast 52 9. Weather and Climate. Temperature. Rainfall. Winds 64 10. The People—Race, Language, Population 70 11. Agriculture 76 12. The Granite Industry 83 13. Other Industries. Paper, Wool, Combs 89 14. Fisheries 94 15. Shipping and Trade 102 16. History of the County 105 17. Antiquities—Circles, Sculptured Stones, Crannogs, Forts 112 18. Architecture—(_a_) Ecclesiastical 121 19. Architecture—(_b_) Castellated 132 20. Architecture—(_c_) Municipal 145 21. Architecture—(_d_) Domestic 154