London (England) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century
The facility with which money can be raised in London for charitable
purposes is very astonishing. A short time back it was announced that
the London Hospital had lost about £1,500 a year by the falling in of
annuities. It was, therefore, necessary, if the Hospital was to continue
its charities to the same extent as heretofore, that additional funds
should be raised. In an incredibly short space of time £24,000 were
collected. The _Times_ makes an appeal about Christmas time for the
refuges of the destitute in the metropolis, and generally it raises
somewhere about £10,000—a nice addition to the regular income of the
societies. The Bishop of London, since he has been connected with his
diocese, has consecrated 29 new churches, accommodating 90,000 persons,
erected by voluntary subscriptions. We may depend upon it the various
sects of dissenters are equally active in their way. During last year
the Field Lane Refuge supplied 30,302 lodgings to 6,785 men and boys, who
received 101,193 either six or eight ounce loaves of bread. At the same
time 840 women were admitted during the year, to whom were supplied
10,028 lodgings, averaging 11 nights shelter to each person, by whom
14,755 loaves were consumed. On the whole it appears that 10,000 persons
annually participate in the advantages of this institution, and 1,222 of
the most forlorn and wretched creatures in London were taken from the
streets and placed in a position where they might earn their own bread,
and all this at the cost of 3s. 6d. each per annum. In 1851 the original
Shoeblack Society sent five boys into the street to get an honest living
by cleaning boots rather than by picking and stealing, and now their
number is about 350. Mr. Mayhew calculates the London charities at three
millions and a half per annum. In estimating London charities we must
not be unmindful of those required by law. According to a return
published a couple of years since, I find, in the districts of the
metropolis, the average amount expended for the relief of the poor was
1s. 6¾d. in the pound. The total number of casual destitute paupers
admitted into the workhouses of the metropolitan districts during the
year amounted to 53,221 males, 62,622 females, and 25,716 children. The
quantity of food supplied to these paupers varies much in the several
districts, as also the nature of the work required. In some cases no
work at all is exacted from the casual poor, but where it is, the demand
appears to be chiefly for picking oakum and breaking stones. In some
cases the dietary includes bread and cheese, with gruel, and sometimes
even the luxury of butter is added. In other cases bread and water (very
meagre fare, and insufficient to support life for any length of time),
are all that is allowed. Women suckling infants are supplied tea, broth,
or gruel in lieu of water; we can scarce wonder the poor prefer going to
jail. I have seen in jails, and convict establishments, dinners better
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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