PREFACE 15 I. AN OPEN LETTER TO GERHART HAUPTMANN 19 II. PRO ARIS 23 III. ABOVE THE BATTLE 37 IV. THE LESSER OF TWO EVILS: PANGERMANISM, PANSLAVISM 56 V. INTER ARMA CARITAS 76 VI. TO THE PEOPLE THAT IS SUFFERING FOR JUSTICE 93 VII. LETTER TO MY CRITICS 97 VIII. THE IDOLS 107 IX. FOR EUROPE: MANIFESTO OF THE WRITERS AND THINKERS OF CATALONIA 122 X. FOR EUROPE: AN APPEAL FROM HOLLAND TO THE INTELLECTUALS OF ALL NATIONS 127 XI. LETTER TO FREDERIK VAN EEDEN 136 XII. OUR NEIGHBOR THE ENEMY 142 XIII. A LETTER TO SVENSKA DAGBLADET OF STOCKHOLM 151 XIV. WAR LITERATURE 153 XV. THE MURDER OF THE ELITE 168 XVI. JAURÈS 181 NOTES 193 INDEX 195 FOOTNOTES NOTES OF ETEXT TRANSCRIBER It is my pleasant duty to thank the brave friends who have defended me during the past year, in the Parisian press:--at the end of October 1914, Amédée Dunois in _l'Humanité_, and Henri Guilbeaux, in the _Bataille syndicaliste_; in the same paper, _Fernand Deprès_; Georges Pioch in the _Hommes du Jour_; J. M. Renaitour, in the _Bonnet Rouge_; Rouanet, in _l'Humanité_; Jacques Mesnil, in the _Mercure de France_, and Gaston Thiesson, in the _Guerre Sociale_. To these faithful comrades in the struggle I express my affectionate gratitude. R. R. _October, 1915._ PREFACE A great nation assailed by war has not only its frontiers to protect: it must also protect its good sense. It must protect itself from the hallucinations, injustices, and follies which the plague lets loose. To each his part: to the armies the protection of the soil of their native land; to the thinkers the defense of its thought. If they subordinate that thought to the passions of their people they may well be useful instruments of passion; but they are in danger of betraying the spirit, which is not the least part of a people's patrimony. One day History will pass judgment on each of the nations at war; she will weigh their measure of errors, lies, and heinous follies. Let us try and make ours light before her!