Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalismBurroughs, John
Philosophy
Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalism
Burroughs, John
Natural history; Natural history -- Philosophy; Philosophy; Science
The guilt falls the same upon the greed and lust of power, even if
the gods finally reap a harvest that man’s iniquities have sown. He
maketh the wicked to praise Him, but the wicked are to get no credit.
Here is where our moral standards diverge from those of the natural
universal. Our moral standards apply to us alone; they are special
and limited. The gods know them not. The rain falls alike upon the
just and upon the unjust. The poet says, “I judge not as the judge
judges, but as the sunlight falling around a helpless thing.” This
is the voice of the natural universal. When we judge as the judge
judges, we condemn strife and war and all such uncharity, we execute
or imprison criminals, we found asylums and hospitals and other
charitable organizations; when we judge as Nature or the poet judges,
we say to the fallen one:
“Not till the sun excludes you do I exclude you,
Not till the waters refuse to glisten for you and the leaves
to rustle for you, do my words refuse to glisten and
rustle for you.”
The All brings mercy out of cruelty, love out of hatred, life out of
death, but man’s orbit is so small that he cannot harmonize these
contradictions. The curve of the universal laws does not bring him
round till generations have passed. To keep on traveling east till
you approach your point of departure from the west, you must have the
round globe to travel on. An empire would not avail.
VII
Good and evil are strangely mixed in this world, and probably in all
other worlds. What is evil to one creature is often good to another.
It is an evil to the vireo or to the warbler when the cowbird lays
its egg in the nest of one of these birds, but it is a good to the
cowbird. It relieves her of all maternal cares, and provides her
young with a devoted nurse and stepmother, but the young warblers or
vireos are likely to perish. All parasites live at the expense of
some other form of life, and are to that extent evils to these forms;
but Nature is just as much interested in one form as in the other; an
ill wind to one blows good to another, and thus the balance is kept.
A world without evil would be an impossible world--as impossible as
mechanical motion without friction or as sunlight without shadow. The
two worlds, the organic and the inorganic, constantly interact. The
former draws all its elements and its power from the latter, which is
passive to it, and goes its way in the inexorable round of physical
laws, irrespective of it. Viewed as a whole, the evils of life
inhere in its elements and conditions. Air, water, fire, soil, give
us our strength and our growth; they also destroy us if we fail to
keep right relations to them. We cannot walk or lift a hand without
gravity; and yet, give gravity a chance, and it crushes us, the
floods drown us, fire consumes us! Could we have life on any other
terms; could God himself annul these conditions?
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