Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"Schiller, Friedrich
Philosophy
Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"
Schiller, Friedrich
Aesthetics; Philosophy
The beauty of movement is an idea that satisfies the two conditions
contained in the myth which now occupies us. In the first place, it is
an objective beauty, not entirely depending upon the impression that we
receive from the object, but belonging to the object itself. In the
second place, this beauty has in itself something accidental, and the
object remains identical even when we conceive it to be deprived of this
property. The girdle of attractions does not lose its magic virtue in
passing to an object of less beauty, or even to that which is without
beauty; that is to say, that a being less beautiful, or even one which
is not beautiful, may also lay claim to the beauty of movement. The myth
tells us that grace is something accidental in the subject in which we
suppose it to be. It follows that we can attribute this property only to
accidental movements. In an ideal of beauty the necessary movements must
be beautiful, because inasmuch as necessary they form an integral part
of its nature; the idea of Venus once given, the idea of this beauty of
necessary movements is that implicitly comprised in it; but it is not
the same with the beauty of accidental movements; this is an extension
of the former; there can be a grace in the voice, there is none in
respiration.
But all this beauty in accidental movements—is it necessarily grace? It
is scarcely necessary to notice that the Greek fable attributes grace
exclusively to humanity. It goes still further, for even the beauty of
form it restricts within the limits of the human species, in which, as
we know, the Greeks included also their gods. But if grace is the
exclusive privilege of the human form, none of the movements which are
common to man with the rest of nature can evidently pretend to it. Thus,
for example, if it were admitted that the ringlets of hair on a
beautiful head undulate with grace, there would also be no reason to
deny a grace of movement to the branches of trees, to the waves of the
stream, to the ears of a field of corn, or to the limbs of animals. No,
the goddess of Cnidus represents exclusively the human species;
therefore, as soon as you see only a physical creature in man, a purely
sensuous object, she is no longer concerned with him. Thus, grace can
only be met with in voluntary movements, and then in those only which
express some sentiment of the _moral order_. Those which have as
principle only animal sensuousness belong only, however voluntary we may
suppose them to be, to physical nature, which never reaches of itself to
grace. If it were possible to have grace in the manifestations of the
physical appetites and instincts, grace would no longer be either
capable or worthy to serve as the expression of humanity. Yet it is
_humanity_ alone which to the Greek contains all the idea of beauty and
of perfection. He never consents to see separated from the soul the
purely sensuous part, and such is with him that which might be called
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