Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"Schiller, Friedrich
Philosophy
Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"
Schiller, Friedrich
Aesthetics; Philosophy
Poetic genius ought to have strength enough to rise with a free and
innate activity above all the _accidental_ hinderances which are
inseparable from every confined condition, to arrive at a representation
of humanity in the absolute plenitude of its powers; it is not, however,
permitted, on the other hand, to emancipate itself from the necessary
_limits_ implied by the very idea of human nature: for the absolute only
in the circle of humanity is its true problem. Simple genius is not
exposed to overstep this sphere, but rather _not to fill it entirely_,
giving too much scope to external necessity, to accidental wants, at the
expense of the inner necessity. The danger for the sentimental genius
is, on the other hand, by trying to remove all limits, of nullifying
human nature absolutely, and not only rising, as is its right and duty,
beyond finite and determinate reality, as far as absolute possibility,
or in other terms to idealize; but of passing even beyond possibility,
or, in other words, _dreaming_. This fault—overstraining—is precisely
dependent on the specific property of the sentimental process, as the
opposite defect, _inertia_, depends on the peculiar operation of the
simple genius. The simple genius lets nature dominate, without
restricting it; and as nature in her particular phenomena is always
subject to some want, it follows that the simple sentiment will not be
always _exalted_ enough to resist the accidental limitations of the
present hour. The sentimental genius, on the contrary, leaves aside the
real world, to rise to the ideal and to command its matter with free
spontaneity. But while reason, according to law, aspires always to the
unconditional, so the sentimental genius will not always remain _calm_
enough to restrain itself uniformly and without interruption within the
conditions implied by the idea of human nature, and to which reason must
always, even in its freest acts, remain attached. He could only confine
himself in these conditions by help of a receptivity proportioned to his
free activity; but most commonly the activity predominates over
receptivity in the sentimental poet, as much as receptivity over
activity in the simple poet. Hence, in the productions of simple genius,
if sometimes inspiration is wanting, so also in works of sentimental
poetry the _object_ is often missed. Thus, though they proceed in
opposite ways, they will both fall into a _vacuum_, for before the
æsthetic judgment an object without inspiration, and inspiration without
an object, are both negations.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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