Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"Schiller, Friedrich
Philosophy
Aesthetical and philosophical essays : $b introducing the dissertation on the "connection between the animal and spiritual man"
Schiller, Friedrich
Aesthetics; Philosophy
Beauty is indeed the sphere of unfettered contemplation and reflection;
beauty conducts us into the world of ideas, without however taking us
from the world of sense, as occurs when a truth is perceived and
acknowledged. This is the pure product of a process of abstraction from
everything material and accidental, a pure object free from every
subjective barrier, a pure state of self-activity without any admixture
of passive sensations. There is indeed a way back to sensation from the
highest abstraction; for thought teaches the inner sensation, and the
idea of logical or moral unity passes into a sensation of sensual
accord. But if we delight in knowledge we separate very accurately our
own conceptions from our sensations; we look upon the latter as
something accidental, which might have been omitted without the
knowledge being impaired thereby, without truth being less true. It
would, however, be a vain attempt to suppress this connection of the
faculty of feeling with the idea of beauty, consequently, we shall not
succeed in representing to ourselves one as the effect of the other, but
we must look upon them both together and reciprocally as cause and
effect. In the pleasure which we derive from knowledge we readily
distinguish the passage from the active to the passive state, and we
clearly perceive that the first ends when the second begins. On the
contrary, from the pleasure which we take in beauty, this transition
from the active to the passive is not perceivable, and reflection is so
intimately blended with feeling that we believe we feel the form
immediately. Beauty is then an object to us, it is true, because
reflection is the condition of the feeling which we have of it; but it
is also a state of our personality (our Ego) because the feeling is the
condition of the idea we conceive of it: beauty is therefore doubtless
form, because we contemplate it, but it is equally life because we feel
it. In a word, it is at once our state and our act. And precisely
because it is at the same time both a state and an act, it triumphantly
proves to us that the passive does not exclude the active, neither
matter nor form, neither the finite nor the infinite; and that
consequently the physical dependence to which man is necessarily devoted
does not in any way destroy his moral liberty. This is the proof of
beauty, and I ought to add that this _alone_ can prove it. In fact, as
in the possession of truth or of logical unity, feeling is not
necessarily one with the thought, but follows it accidentally; it is a
fact which only proves that a sensitive nature can succeed a rational
nature, and _vice versa_; not that they co-exist, that they exercise a
reciprocal action one over the other; and, lastly, that they ought to be
united in an absolute and necessary manner. From this exclusion of
feeling as long as there is thought, and of thought so long as there is
feeling, we should on the contrary conclude that the two natures are
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