AFFAIRS OF WEST AFRICA [Illustration: ON FISHING BENT—SOUTHERN NIGERIA] AFFAIRS OF WEST AFRICA BY EDMUND D. MOREL (E. D. M.) MEMBER OF THE WEST AFRICAN SECTION OF THE LIVERPOOL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE WITH ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS [Illustration] LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN 1902 (_All rights reserved_) TO MY WIFE PREFACE Whatever its defects—and, no doubt, they are many and various—the Author claims for this volume that it is, at least, an honest attempt to deal with the problems, racial, political and commercial, yearly increasing in magnitude, connected with the administration of Western Africa by Great Britain and by the other Powers of Western Europe which participated in the scramble for African territory. As such it is respectfully submitted to the thinking Public. The Author considers it advisable to state that he has no commercial interests in West Africa, and is, therefore, uninfluenced by considerations of a personal nature, in emphasising the importance of the part played by the merchant on the West African stage. He also deems it right to say that the West African Section of the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce is neither responsible nor answerable for the opinions expressed herein. The Author hereby acknowledges the courtesy of the Editor of the _Pall Mall Gazette_, the Editor-Proprietor of _West Africa_, the Editor of the _Contemporary Review_, and the Editorial Committee of the _Journal of the African Society_, in permitting the incorporation of certain matter contributed by himself, from time to time, to those publications. His sincere thanks are due to Major Ronald Ross, F.R.C.S., F.R.S., C.B., for the chapter which that distinguished scientist has specially written at the Author’s request. To other kind friends and acquaintances who have good-humouredly submitted to cross-examination, and have allowed themselves to be victimised by the Author’s importunities generally, grateful appreciation is due, and is thankfully acknowledged. HAWARDEN, 1902. CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE FOREWORD—MARY KINGSLEY xiii PART I I. FIVE YEARS OF BRITISH TRADE WITH WESTERN AFRICA 1 II. THE OLD AND THE NEW 7 III. THE REAL AND THE IDEAL 11 IV. SOME NECESSARY REFORMS 20 PART II.—NIGERIA