Africa and the American FlagFoote, Andrew H. (Andrew Hull)
History
Africa and the American Flag
Foote, Andrew H. (Andrew Hull)
Africa, West -- Description and travel; Liberia -- History -- 1847-1944; Slave trade -- Africa, West
In two respects they look towards the invisible: they dread a
superhuman power, and they fear and worship it as being a measureless
source of evil. It is scarcely correct to call this Devil-worship, for
this is a title of contrast, presuming that there has been a choice of
the evil in preference to the good. The fact in their case seems to
be, that good in will, or good in action, are ideas foreign to their
minds. Selfishness cannot be more intense, nor more exclusive of all
kindness and generosity or charitable affection, than it is generally
found among these barbarians. The inconceivableness of such motives to
action has often been found a strong obstacle to the influence of the
Christian missionary. They can worship nothing good, because they have
no expectation of good from any thing powerful. They have mysterious
words or mutterings, equivalent to what we term incantations, which
is the meaning of the Portuguese word from which originated the term
_fetish_.
The other reference of their intellect to invisible things consists in
acknowledging the continued existence of the dead, and paying reverence
to the spirits of their forefathers. This leads to great cruelty.
Men of rank at their death are presumed to require attendance, and
be gratified with companionship. This event, therefore, produces the
murder of wives and slaves, to afford them suitable escort and service
in the other world. From the strange mixture of the material and
spiritual common to men in that barbarian condition, the bodies or the
blood of the slain appear to be the essentials of these requirements.
Thus, also, the utmost horror is felt at decapitation, or at the
severing of limbs from the body after death. It is revenge, as much
as desire to perpetuate the remembrance of victory, which makes them
eager for the skulls and jaw-bones of their enemies, so that in a
royal metropolis, walls, and floors, and thrones, and walking-sticks,
are everywhere lowering with the hollow eyes of the dead. These sad,
bare and whitened emblems of mortality and revenge present a curious
and startling spectacle, cresting and festooning the red clay walls of
Kumassi, the Ashantee capital.
Such belief leads to strange vagaries in practice. They sympathize with
the departed, as subject still to common wants and ruled by common
affections. A negro man of Tahou would show his regard for the desires
of the dead by sitting patiently to hold a spread umbrella over the
head of a corpse. The dead man’s mouth, too, was stuffed with rice and
fowl, and in cold weather a fire was kept burning in the hut for the
benefit of their deceased friend. They consulted his love of ornament,
also, for the top of his head and his brow were stained red, his nose
and cheeks yellow, and the lower jaw white; and fantastic figures of
different colors were daubed over his black body.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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