Agricultural pricesWallace, Henry A. (Henry Agard)
Science
Agricultural prices
Wallace, Henry A. (Henry Agard)
Agriculture -- Statistics; Farm produce; Prices
To give the cost of production price broader sway in our price system
does not necessarily involve governmental control. The first step is
education in price judging. Even in the grade schools and country
schools, ratio methods of price judgment should be taught. In high
schools the matter may be carried farther, and it is suggested that not
only should the ratio method of price judging be taught in high school,
but also the practical use of correlation coefficients and lines of
regression in determining prices from business conditions and the
supply. In college (and the colleges have been most neglectful in this
matter) specific problems should be worked out in great detail. Students
in such classes should have access to adding machines, calculating
machines, rechentaffels, and other modern devices for making
calculations easy and accurate. But the most important thing of all just
now is adequate research by colleges, by experiment stations, and by
governmental departments. The government and market agencies must
continue to improve their statistical records, and research students
must study these records with all the refinements of statistical method.
An excellent start along this line has been made by the Harvard
University Committee on Economic Research. This committee seems to be
concerned altogether with the industrial world. It is essential that the
agricultural world be given similar service.
The object of it all is to discover the best possible kind of machinery
thru which the law of supply and demand may work to the end that violent
fluctuations in supply and demand may be reduced to the lowest possible
point consistent with changing weather and unforeseeable accidents. The
present price system is not perfect; it can be improved. But before
improvements can be made, the present system must be studied with the
greatest thoroness. The great weakness of the present price system is
that the men who operate it are concerned chiefly with making the
greatest possible profit, and not at all with making the law of supply
and demand operate smoothly on a price level roughly equivalent to cost
of production.
The highest purpose of our price system should be to tell producers
truthfully what to do in the future, instead of capitalizing a temporary
supply and demand situation to the advantage of certain bright
speculators. The $4.50 price for hogs in January of 1908 was a lie so
far as it guided the future action of hog producers. So also was the $11
price in March of 1910. Both prices told the approximate truth about a
temporary supply-and-demand situation. But both were fundamentally lies.
Our whole _laissez faire_ system is full of lies of this sort. Surely we
have enough in the way of legitimate physical handicaps such as weather
and pests so that we should be willing to run our price system more
truthfully.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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