Scabies of the =Sheep=.—The dermatocoptes mange of sheep is not
transmitted as a permanent disease to man, nor to other domestic animals
(with the exception of the goat). The sarcoptes mange of the sheep
(chiefly on the head) causes the itch in man.
Scabies of the =Pig= (_Sarcoptes_) is contagious for the dog, and causes
an eruption in man.
Scabies of the =Dog= (_Sarcoptes_) can be caught by man, pig, and horse.
Scabies of the =Cat= (_Sarcoptes_) is contagious for man, horse, ox,
dog, and rabbit.
Scabies of the =Rabbit= (_Sarcoptes_) is contagious for man, but this is
not so with the dermatocoptes mange, which flourishes in the external
passage of the ear in the rabbit.
Scabies of the =Fowl= (_Sarcoptes_), which affects the legs of hens,
causing thickening of the skin and formation of large spongy crusts, may
infect horses. Hen-houses should not be built in stables.
_Remedies._—From the foregoing facts relating to the transmission of
scabies from one host to another, the preventive measures at once
follow: A mangy animal must not be allowed to come into contact either
with another animal of the same kind or with an animal of any other
kind for which the disease in question is contagious. If scabies
appears in a few members of a flock or herd, it is absolutely
necessary to separate the healthy animals from the sick ones,—and it
is further necessary to cleanse and disinfect places where mangy
animals have been kept, as well as implements or machines which they
have touched, before sound animals are brought near such things.
Cleansing of folds, etc., with hot water, followed by six weeks’
disuse. Cleansing of infected implements with hot soda and water. The
first important thing to ascertain is whether a sick animal, which has
the external symptoms of scabies, is really affected; in order to
determine this the mange-mites must be found. If the mites cannot be
found on the suspected animal, it must be brought into a warm stall
and covered over; especial care must be taken to warm the places where
the skin seems worst attacked; warmth makes the mites more active, and
induces them to come to the surface. Sarcoptic mites are the worst. I
will deal but briefly with the treatment of mangy animals, as it is
usually best to obtain the advice of a veterinary surgeon. _External_
applications must naturally be employed. It appears from the
investigations of _Vogel_ that corrosive sublimate and arsenic kill
the mange-mites less rapidly and therefore less surely than creosote,
carbolic acid, benzine, tar, caustic potash, and tobacco, or even soft
soap. _Zürn_ recommends a thorough smearing of soft soap on the parts
affected. The soap is allowed to remain for some time, even for a
whole day, the infested spots are then rubbed with hot water, and
brushed, if possible, until the crust on the skin disappears. Other
remedies may now be employed. As such, Zürn mentions creosote, diluted
with spirit or oil (1 : 25). Also, among other things, the following
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