Predominatingly harmful (from killing domestic mammals) are the following species occurring in Britain: the =Sea Eagle= (_Haliaëtus albicilla_), the =Golden Eagle= (_Aquila chrysaëtus_), the =Peregrine Falcon= (_Falco peregrinus_), the =Merlin= (_F. œsalon_), the =Hobby= (_F. subbuteo_), the =Sparrow Hawk= (_Accipiter nisus_), the =Kite= (_Milvus regalis_), the =Goshawk= (_Astur palumbarius_), the =Harriers= (_Circus cyaneus_ and _C. cinerarius_), and the =Honey Buzzard= (_Pernis apivorus_). The last effects damage by catching honey bees. [Illustration: FIG. 32.—The Golden Eagle (_Aquila chrysaëtus_). ] Useful in the main, being destroyers of field-voles, are the following: the =Kestrel= (_Falco tinnunculus_), the =Buzzard= (_Buteo vulgaris_), the =Barn Owl= (_Strix flammea_, Fig. 33), the =Brown Owl= (_S. aluco_), the =Little Owl= (_Athene noctua_), a casual, the =Short-eared= or =Woodcock Owl= (_Otus brachyotus_), the =Long-eared Owl= (_O. vulgaris_), and the =Eagle Owl= (_Otus maximus_, Fig. 30), a rare visitor. A bird of prey cannot simply be classed as harmful or useful; a species mainly injurious may sometimes destroy a field vole or a destructive bird, while a useful species may sometimes attack domestic poultry. Game-preserving is destructive of almost all the indigenous diurnal birds of prey, and of the owls to a less extent. ORDER: Scansores (CLIMBERS). Birds with two toes directed forwards and two backwards. The young are nestlings. Here belong toucans, parrots, cuckoos, and woodpeckers. The first two groups are limited to the tropics; woodpeckers are only of importance in the culture of fruit trees and in forestry. I describe briefly— [Illustration: FIG. 33.—The Barn Owl (_Strix flammea_). ]