Beetle (Fig. 81), half an inch long, dusky yellow, with five longitudinal black streaks on each wing-cover, and black markings on the neck-shield. Larva (Fig. 82), half an inch long, thick, fleshy; legs short and weak. Orange-yellow, with shining black head, and with black spots on the body segments. The younger larvæ are darker, almost blood red. When the young potato plants come up, the beetles which have survived the winter creep out of the soil and devour the margins of the young leaves. The female lays her yellow eggs (700 to 1200?) in heaps on the leaves (Fig. 82, _a_). After a week the larvæ appear, and carry on the work of the beetles. They attain their full development in seventeen to twenty days, become pupæ in the soil, and the beetles of the second generation make their appearance in the middle of June. Still a third generation may appear the same year. Since a considerable time elapses between the laying of the first and second batches of eggs, one usually sees eggs, larvæ, pupæ, and beetles at the same time. Entire potato fields are eaten bare by the beetles and their larvæ, the formation of the potatoes being quite prevented. _Remedies_: Energetic measures must be taken on the first appearance of the beetle in any district. Where possible, all the beetles and larvæ must be collected, the plants being dug up and destroyed with the beetles, pupæ, larvæ, and eggs adhering to them. Petroleum must then be poured over the whole field and set on fire, so as to destroy any insects which may be hidden in the soil. Spraying the attacked plants with Schweinfurt green. [Illustration: FIG. 83.—The Cloudy Tortoise Beetle (_Cassida nebulosa_). ]