The =Cabbage Flea Beetle= (_Haltica oleracea_), one-fifth to one-sixth of an inch long, longish oval, dark green, metallic sheen. The hind legs do not possess the peculiar features of the rape flea beetle (p. 114). Larva one-fifth to one-fourth of an inch long, greyish black, with bristly hairs, and with two rows of shining black warts. The beetles attack, in the spring, chiefly cabbage, rape, radishes, horseradish; but do not spare other plants (_e.g._ peas and beets) as well. Seedlings are chiefly attacked, and in all cases only young plants are devoured. Since both seed-leaves and terminal buds are eaten, much damage is done, especially during continuously dry weather. It must often happen that the beetles wander away, to find other species of plants for the purpose of egg-laying; so that it is exceptional to find the larvæ upon species of cabbage. These larvæ are much less injurious than the beetles, since they usually only prey upon mature plants. In their youngest condition they are found in groups, feeding upon the leaves; this results from the eggs being laid in little heaps. Later on, they wander away from one another. In favourable weather they are fully grown in six weeks, and several generations may succeed one another in the same year. _Remedies_: Destruction of the weeds which attract the beetles (charlock, shepherd’s purse, yellow rocket, treacle mustard, etc.) Good preparation of the soil, suitable manuring and drill culture, since these bring about a more rapid growth of the plants. Thick sowing (but not too thick), so that, even after the destruction of many seedlings, a sufficient number may remain. Moistening the fields by means of water-carts or sprayers. In garden-beds twigs are laid down, by which the seeds are protected against birds and the seedlings against flea beetles. “Flea-beetle machines,” consisting of a board smeared with tar, which is drawn across the field, so that the frightened beetles spring up, and remain hanging in the sticky substance. After rain, or when dew is still clinging to the plants, they should be strewed with powdered fowls’ dung, pigeons’ dung, or horse dung, wood-ashes, road-dust, powdered lime, coal-ashes; or the plan of sprinkling with a decoction of wormwood may be adopted.