"I recognize certain diseases which originate in the vice of drunkenness alone, which are _delirium tremens_, cirrhosis of the liver, many cases of Bright's disease of the kidneys, and dipsomania, or insane drunkenness. "Then I recognize many other diseases in regard to which excess in alcoholics acts as a powerful predisposing cause, such as gout, gravel, aneurism, paralysis, apoplexy, epilepsy, cystitis, premature incontinence of urine, erysipelas, spreading cellular inflammation, tendency of wounds and sores to gangrene, inability of the constitution to resist the attacks of epidemics. I have had a fearful amount of experience of continued fever in our infirmary during many epidemics, and in all my experience I have only once known an intemperate man of forty and upwards to recover." Professor Christison also claims that three-fourths, or even four-fifths, of Bright's disease in Scotland is produced by alcohol. Dr. C. Murchison, in speaking of alcohol as a preventive of disease, says:-- "There is no greater error than to imagine that a liberal allowance of alcoholic liquids fortifies the system against contagious diseases." In a paper read before the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society, Oct. 22, 1872, Dr. W. Dickinson gave the following conclusions:-- "Alcohol causes fatty infiltration and fibrous encroachments; it engenders tubercles; encourages suppuration, and retards healing; it produces untimely atheroma (a form of fatty degeneration of the inner coats of the arteries), invites hemorrhage, and anticipates old age. The most constant fatty changes, replacement by oil of the material of epithelial cells and muscular fibres, though probably nearly universal, is most noticeable in the liver, the heart and the kidneys. _Drink causes tuberculosis_, which is evident not only in the lungs, but in every amenable organ." Dr. William Hargreaves says:-- "Brandy is not a prophylactic. To the temperate it is an active, exciting cause. It is well known that a single act of intemperance during the prevalence of cholera, will often produce a fatal attack. The sense of warmth and irritation (called stimulation) produced by alcoholic liquors, has led to the erroneous notion that they may prevent cholera. But the contrary we have seen is the truth, for the effects of alcoholics are to reduce the temperature of the body, and instead of stimulating, they narcotize, and reduce the life-forces, and predispose the system to all kinds of disease." The following testimonies are culled from the writings of eminent physicians:--