Poets, English -- 19th century -- Biography; Tennyson, Alfred Tennyson, Baron, 1809-1892
The passion of _In Memoriam_ is personal, is acute, is life-long, and
thus it differs from the other elegies. Moreover, it celebrates a noble
object, and thus is unlike the ambiguous affection, real or dramatic,
which informs the sonnets of Shakespeare. So the poem stands alone,
cloistered; not fiery with indignation, not breaking into actual
prophecy, like Shelley’s _Adonais_; not capable, by reason even of its
meditative metre, of the organ music of _Lycidas_. Yet it is not to be
reckoned inferior to these because its aim and plan are other than
theirs.
It is far from my purpose to “class” Tennyson, or to dispute about his
relative greatness when compared with Wordsworth or Byron, Coleridge,
Shelley, or Burns. He rated one song of Lovelace above all his lyrics,
and, in fact, could no more have written the Cavalier’s _To Althea from
Prison_ than Lovelace could have written the _Morte d’Arthur_. “It is
not reasonable, it is not fair,” says Mr Harrison, after comparing _In
Memoriam_ with _Lycidas_, “to compare Tennyson with Milton,” and it is
not reasonable to compare Tennyson with any poet whatever. Criticism is
not the construction of a class list. But we may reasonably say that _In
Memoriam_ is a noble poem, an original poem, a poem which stands alone in
literature. The wonderful beauty, ever fresh, howsoever often read, of
many stanzas, is not denied by any critic. The marvel is that the same
serene certainty of art broods over even the stanzas which must have been
conceived while the sorrow was fresh. The second piece,
“Old yew, which graspest at the stones,”
must have been composed soon after the stroke fell. Yet it is as perfect
as the proem of 1849. As a rule, the poetical expression of strong
emotion appears usually to clothe the memory of passion when it has been
softened by time. But here already “the rhythm, phrasing, and
articulation are entirely faultless, exquisitely clear, melodious, and
rare.” {74} It were superfluous labour to point at special beauties, at
the exquisite rendering of nature; and copious commentaries exist to
explain the course of the argument, if a series of moods is to be called
an argument. One may note such a point as that (xiv.) where the poet
says that, were he to meet his friend in life,
“I should not feel it to be strange.”
It may have happened to many to mistake, for a section of a second, the
face of a stranger for the face seen only in dreams, and to find that the
recognition brings no surprise.
Pieces of a character apart from the rest, and placed in a designed
sequence, are xcii., xciii., xcv. In the first the poet says—
“If any vision should reveal
Thy likeness, I might count it vain
As but the canker of the brain;
Yea, tho’ it spake and made appeal
To chances where our lots were cast
Together in the days behind,
I might but say, I hear a wind
Of memory murmuring the past.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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