Irish, as immigrants, 19, 21, 38, 39, 89, 126; compared with the Italians, 136, 137 Italian, Benevolent Institute, 147; Chamber of Commerce, 145; Hospital, 147; Immigration Department, 138; Savings Bank, 147 Italians, as immigrants, 19, 34, 36, 37, 110, 130; distribution, 135, 136; family cooeperation, 207; generally peaceable character, 141, 142, 208; illiteracy, 22, 134; in New York, 139, 145, 206; number entering, 19, 134, 135; parallel drawn with Irish, 136, 137; societies for mutual aid, 50, 110, 145, 147; spirit of converts, 284; thrift, 139-147, 207; women homemakers, 206; Italy, 92, 131-133; government action and aid, 79, 111; immigrants from, 25, 31, 72, 79, 107; Royal Department of Emigration, 111; sections compared, 131-134 Ives, Mr., 294 Japanese, as immigrants, 40; Robinson Crusoe, 40 Jefferson, President, 68 Jerome of Prague, 166 Jersey City, 22 Jewish children as pupils, 189 Jews, as immigrants, 21, 95, 96, 113, 128, 185-190; Austria-Hungarian, 21, 186; German, 185; good qualities, 190; number of in New York, 186, 198; Roumanian, 186; Russian, 11, 12, 21, 185-190 _John G. Carlisle_, ferryboat, 53 Joseph II, Emperor, of Austria, 167 Juvenile Court, Jewish children in, 190 Kansas City, 22 Kosciusko, 172 Kossuth, a Slovak, 175 Labor, immigration of skilled and unskilled, 23, 24 Latin races, as immigrants, 113, 131 Lawrence, Kansas, 20 Laws, immigration, 58, 64; Bill of 1906, 95; problems, 87-119; protective, 65-68; restrictive, 68-84; summaries and recommendations, 309-313 Lee, Dr. S. H., 136, 152 Legislation, see _Laws, immigration_ Letts, the, as immigrants, 179, 180 Liberty, American, as a working leaven, 33, 34; statue of, 57, 278 Lieber, Francis, 194 Lincoln, Abraham, 247 Lithuanians, as immigrants, 23, 36, 179, 180; illiteracy, 23 Liverpool, 99 Lodge, Senator, 96 London, 99 Long Island, as a field for Italians, 149 Longfellow, 247 Louisiana, 113 Louisville, 23 Luther, 172 Lynn, Massachusetts, 24 Machinery, effect on immigration, 43 Madison, President, 68 Mafia, the, 130, 141 Magna Charta, 34 Magyars, as immigrants, 21, 177-179; illiteracy, 23; see also _Hungarians_ "Manifest" for immigrant, 55, 56, 61 Marine Hospital Service, 59 Marseilles, 99 Mashek, Nan, 166 Massachusetts, 142, 173 Mayo-Smith, Richmond, 52, 231, 238, 248 McLanahan, Samuel, 121 McMillan, Margaret, 225 Mexicans, as immigrants, 21 Mexico, ingress through, 92, 93 Michigan, 172 Milwaukee, 170, 172 Minneapolis, 21 Mission workers for immigrants, 274 Mississippi, 113, 183 Mitchell, Max, 102 Mongolic peoples, 124 Montenegrins, as immigrants, 21, 183 Moravians, as immigrants, 164 Music, love of by Bohemians, 169; by Italians, 144