Produced by K.D. Thornton, Suzanne Lybarger, Greg Bergquist and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net Transcriber's Note The punctuation and spelling from the original text have been faithfully preserved. Only obvious typographical errors have been corrected. _All About Coffee_ [Illustration] ALL ABOUT COFFEE [Illustration: COFFEE BRANCHES, FLOWERS, AND FRUIT SHOWING THE BERRY IN ITS VARIOUS RIPENING STAGES FROM FLOWER TO CHERRY (Inset: 1, green bean; 2, silver skin; 3, parchment; 4, fruit pulp.) Painted from life by Blendon Campbell] _ALL ABOUT COFFEE_ _By_ _WILLIAM H. UKERS, M.A._ _Editor_ THE TEA AND COFFEE TRADE JOURNAL [Illustration] NEW YORK THE TEA AND COFFEE TRADE JOURNAL COMPANY 1922 COPYRIGHT 1922 BY THE TEA AND COFFEE TRADE JOURNAL COMPANY NEW YORK _International Copyright Secured_ _All Rights Reserved in U.S.A. and Foreign Countries_ PRINTED IN U.S.A. _To My Wife_ _HELEN DE GRAFF UKERS_ PREFACE Seventeen years ago the author of this work made his first trip abroad to gather material for a book on coffee. Subsequently he spent a year in travel among the coffee-producing countries. After the initial surveys, correspondents were appointed to make researches in the principal European libraries and museums; and this phase of the work continued until April, 1922. Simultaneous researches were conducted in American libraries and historical museums up to the time of the return of the final proofs to the printer in June, 1922. Ten years ago the sorting and classification of the material was begun. The actual writing of the manuscript has extended over four years. Among the unique features of the book are the Coffee Thesaurus; the Coffee Chronology, containing 492 dates of historical importance; the Complete Reference Table of the Principal Kinds of Coffee Grown in the World; and the Coffee Bibliography, containing 1,380 references. The most authoritative works on this subject have been Robinson's _The Early History of Coffee Houses in England_, published in London in 1893; and Jardin's _Le Cafe_, published in Paris in 1895. The author wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to both for inspiration and guidance. Other works, Arabian, French, English, German, and Italian, dealing with particular phases of the subject, have been laid under contribution; and where this has been done, credit is given by footnote reference. In all cases where it has been possible to do so, however, statements of historical facts have been verified by independent research. Not a few items have required months of tracing to confirm or to disprove. There has been no serious American work on coffee since Hewitt's _Coffee: Its History, Cultivation and Uses_, published in 1872; and Thurber's _Coffee from Plantation to Cup_, published in 1881. Both of these are now out of print, as is also Walsh's _Coffee: Its History, Classification and Description_, published in 1893.