A shrub 2—12 feet high, the twigs and leaves commonly hairy; stems woody, the younger with reddish-brown pith. Leaves pinnate with 3—7 ovate-lanceolate or oval, acuminate leaflets 2—5 inches long, sharply serrate. Flowers numerous, less than ¼ of an inch broad, white, in a close oblong head 3—4 inches high, longer than broad; berries in a compact head, bright scarlet, ¼ of an inch in diameter. Rocky places and thickets throughout the region though most abundant in the Selkirks; flowering in June, the bright red berries ripe in late summer. [Sidenote: =Sambucus melanocarpa= A. Gray. _Black-berried Elder._] A shrub 2—12 feet high, smooth or the young leaves slightly hairy. Leaves pinnate with 3—7 or rarely 9 ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate leaflets, 2—5 inches long, sharply serrate. Flowers small white in a close compound cyme 3—4 inches high and as broad; berries ¼ of an inch broad, black and shining in a close head. Rocky places and thickets in the Selkirks; growing with the other species and difficult to distinguish from it except by the colour of the berries. [Sidenote: =Viburnum pauciflorum= Pylaie. _Few-flowered Cranberry Tree._] A straggling bush 2—6 feet high with twigs and petioles smooth or nearly so. Leaves broadly oval, obovate or broader than long; 5-ribbed, mostly with 3 rather shallow lobes above the middle, coarsely and unequally dentate, smooth above, more or less hairy on the veins beneath, 1½—3 inches broad. Flowers small, pure white or pinkish, ¼ of an inch broad in compact axillary heads an inch or so broad; drupe globose, bright red, acid, about half an inch long. A most attractive shrub in thickets and woods at the lower altitudes throughout the Rockies; flowering in May and early June; the acid fruit is frequently used for preserving. [Sidenote: =Linnæa americana= Forbes. _Twin-flower._] Branches slender, woody, slightly hairy, trailing, 6—24 inches long. Leaves evergreen, opposite, obovate or orbicular, obscurely crenate, thick, ¼—¾ of an inch wide, sometimes wider than long. Flowers nodding in pairs, rarely in 4’s, on slender pedicels ¼—¾ of an inch long, very fragrant; corolla tubular-campanulate with 5 equal lobes, pink or nearly white, deep pink within. In moist cool woods, frequent throughout the region, especially in the Rockies; flowering in late June and early July. [Illustration: Linnæa americana Forbes. (¼ Nat.) American Twin-Flower.] [Illustration: Lonicera ebractulata Rydb. (½ Nat.) Fly Honeysuckle.] [Sidenote: =Symphoricarpos racemosus= Michx. _Snowberry._] An erect shrub, 1—4 feet high, smooth or nearly so with slender branches. Leaves oval, obtuse at each end, 1—2 inches long, entire, undulate or sometimes dentate. Flowers pale pink or white, few, in axillary clusters; corolla campanulate, ¼ of an inch long, equally 5-lobed, slightly inflated at the base and bearded within; berries snow-white, nearly ½ an inch in diameter.