Sporanges at or near the ends of the unconnected veins. Leaves of two kinds, the spore-bearing ones contracted and more or less pod-like. =Cryptogramma.= Leaves uniform; sori minute, indusium usually interrupted. =Cheilanthes.= Sori not marginal, provided with spinal indusia. Sori oblong on oblique veins; leaves pinnate. =Asplenium.= Sori round. Indusium conspicuous. Leaves firm; indusium peltate. =Polystichum.= Leaves membranous; indusium reniform. =Dryopteris.= Indusium inconspicuous. Indusium under the sorus, stellately divided. =Woodsia.= Indusium hooded, fixed by a broad base. =Filix.= [Sidenote: =Phegopteris alpestris= (Hoppe) Mett. _Western Beech Fern._] Rootstock short, thick, erect or oblique; stems 4—10 inches long with a few brown spreading scales near the base; leaves 1—2 feet long, oblong-lanceolate, thrice pinnate, the pinnæ deltoid-lanceolate, the lower ones distant and smaller, pinnules oblong-lanceolate, finely cut-toothed; sori small, rounded and nearly marginal. On moist banks in the Selkirks, frequent especially in the vicinity of Glacier, where it forms clumps of considerable diameter, up to 7000 feet elevation. [Sidenote: =Phegopteris Phegopteris= (L.) Underw. _Long Beech Fern._] Rootstock slender and creeping; stems 6—9 inches long; leaves triangular, thin, usually longer than broad, 6—9 inches long, 4—6 inches broad, hairy on the veins, especially beneath; pinnæ linear-lanceolate, the lowest pair deflexed and standing forward, segments oblong, obtuse, entire, the basal ones joined to the main rachis; sori small, near the margin. In moist woods in the Selkirks at the lower elevations, not common. [Sidenote: =Phegopteris Dryopteris= (L.) Fée. _Oak Fern._] Rootstock slender, extensively creeping; leaves or short black stipes, broadly triangular 4—8 inches wide, the three primary divisions 1—2 pinnate, segments oblong, obtuse, entire or toothed; sori near the margin. In moist woods and thickets throughout the region at the lower altitudes, frequently forming beds of considerable size. [Sidenote: =Adiantum pedatum= L. _Maidenhair Fern._] Rootstock slender, creeping; stems 9—18 inches long, dark chestnut brown or nearly black, shining, forked into nearly equal branches at the summit; leaves obliquely orbicular in outline, 8—18 inches broad, thin, the pinnæ arising from the branches of the stem, somewhat radiately arranged, the larger ones 6—10 inches long, 1—2 inches broad, pinnules triangular-oblong, or the terminal one fan-shaped, the lower margin entire and slightly curved, the upper cut, bearing the linear-oblong sori. Sparingly throughout the region in woods or moist shaded situations, among rocks. [Sidenote: =Pteridium aquilinum pubescens= Underw. _Bracken._]