In this ameba the endoplasmic stream flows uniformly towards the
anterior end where it spreads out slightly so as to preserve the same
general diameter of the ameba, for it is a characteristic of this ameba
that the anterior end is of about the same diameter as the posterior,
when in clavate form. The ectoplasmic tube is built at the anterior end,
and remains as constructed until it is drawn in at the posterior end to
form endoplasm. It is not all the time undergoing changes such as are
observed in _proteus_. This characteristic is very well shown by
focusing with the high power of the microscope on the upper surface of
the ameba. The immobility of the ectoplasm is much more readily observed
in _laureata_ than in perhaps any other species, a condition that is due
chiefly to the large crystals whose displacement is the most convenient
criterion of ectoplasmic mobility.
The ectoplasmic tube is not as thick as in _proteus_, though it appears
to be more solid than in that species. It is thrown into folds at the
posterior end as it is liquified to form endoplasm, which indicates a
firm texture of the ectoplasm. As to the endoplasmic stream, it presents
no visible characteristics which set it apart from the fluids of
physics; it moves most rapidly in the middle, and gradually less rapidly
as the ectoplasm is approached. There is no backward movement of the
ectoplasm against the sides of the pseudopod at the anterior
end--nothing approaching a “fountain current”--which indicates that the
transformation of endoplasm into ectoplasm is rapid and complete. That
is, all the endoplasm which reaches the anterior end is turned into
ectoplasm. Typically this would result in an ameba of average size, in a
layer of ectoplasm of a thickness of about one-seventh of the diameter
of the pseudopod (for the area of the cut ectoplasmic tube would equal
the area of the endoplasmic stream). But because of friction against
the sides of the ectoplasmic tube, there is a layer of endoplasm of
appreciable thickness that is practically motionless. This layer of
endoplasm therefore makes the diameter of the endoplasmic stream appear
smaller than it actually is, and the ectoplasmic tube larger than it is.
The actual thickness of the tube of ectoplasm, as distinguished from the
flowing endoplasm, is difficult to measure, but it seems to be about
one-tenth the diameter of the pseudopod. (Kite (’13) found ameboid
ectoplasm to be from eight to twelve microns thick, but he does not
state from what part of the ameba nor from what species the ectoplasm
was taken.) This would indicate that if the transformation of endoplasm
into ectoplasm is as complete as the conditions permit, the thickness of
the friction layer would be about one-twenty-third of the diameter of
the pseudopod. These observations therefore point to the conclusion that
the tendency in _laureata_ is for all the endoplasm to be transformed
into ectoplasm at the anterior end, and for the reverse process to occur
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