American Indian love lyrics, and other verse, from the songs of the North American Indians
General
American Indian love lyrics, and other verse, from the songs of the North American Indians
Indians of North America -- Poetry
There is within the lyric a sense of symmetry, of poetic consistency,
which cannot be measured by Anglo-Saxon rules of prosody. The Indian
poet achieves this symmetry in structure by using varied patterns of
thought-rhythm; that is, by means of infinitely modified forms of
repetition which are as distinctively characteristic of his genius as
parallelism was of the ancient Hebrew or as the variations of rhyme and
of stanzaic pattern are of the English lyric genius of the last four
centuries. The subtle relationship of patterns of thought-rhythm to the
whole movement of a poem is often so fugitive as to escape analysis. One
origin of these patterns is the most obvious dramatic association which
may also determine the direction of the entire thought-movement. Although
the dramatic _motif_ shapes both aspects of thought, there is no apparent
connection between the progression of an idea and, let us say, the
alternating rhythm, except when the alternation becomes incremental. The
determining values of pitch and of melodic repetition are also important
external factors. Where these influences end, it is difficult to say.
So far as this study has proceeded, five characteristic patterns of
thought-rhythm appear in Indian lyric poetry. The iterative rhythm
appears in the simpler poems, of which the Navaho _Mountain Song_ and
_The Omaha Tribal Prayer_ are particularly fine in spirit. The iteration
is not always pleasing, sometimes beating with the steady monotony of
a kettle drum; but, contrary to reasonable supposition, it does not
necessarily indicate a dance song.
The alternating rhythm offers the Indian poet some æsthetic relief. It
creates a graceful lilt in his verse and often accompanies the quicker
movements. This is a universal pattern; but some _Katzina Songs_ of the
Hopi and songs of the Zuñi and Pima Indians have markedly achieved this
freedom of movement. The elasticity of this form provides an infinite
variety of uses, from carrying a pleasant refrain to providing a choric
response for the support of a dancing soloist. It has a place in the
vocational songs, as well as in the ritual songs of a tribe. There are
many variants which employ alternating patterns of thought at the opening
and close of a stanza, or with dramatic pose and gesture, as in the Zuñi
_Invocation to the Sun-God_, in singing which the Indian mother appeals
to the sun, moon, and stars to guide her sleeping infant. Mr. Troyer
marks the values of pitch as heightening the rhythmic movements of this
song.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account