Produced by Charlene Taylor, Joseph Cooper, Christine P. Travers and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net [Transcriber's notes: Obvious printer's errors have been corrected, all other inconsistencies are as in the original. The author's spelling has been maintained. Characters enclosed in { } are superscripts.] SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 235 WASHINGTON, D.C. 1963 _Publications of the United States National Museum_ The scholarly publications of the United States National Museum include two series, _Proceedings of the United States National Museum_ and _United States National Museum Bulletin_. In these series are published original articles and monographs dealing with the collections and work of the Museum and setting forth newly acquired facts in the fields of Anthropology, Biology, History, Geology, and Technology. Copies of each publication are distributed to libraries and scientific organizations and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. The _Proceedings_, begun in 1878, are intended for the publication, in separate form, of shorter papers. These are gathered in volumes, octavo in size, with the publication date of each paper recorded in the table of contents in the volume. In the _Bulletin_ series, the first of which was issued in 1875, appear longer, separate publications consisting of monographs (occasionally in several parts) and volumes in which are collected works on related subjects. _Bulletins_ are either octavo or quarto in size, depending on the needs of the presentation. Since 1902 papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum have been published in the _Bulletin_ series under the heading _Contributions from the United States National Herbarium_. This work is number 235 of the _Bulletin_ series. FRANK A. TAYLOR _Director, United States National Museum_ For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D.C.--Price $2 [Illustration: Shoulder-belt plate of Vermont Militia, attributed to Ethan Allen, about 1785. In collection of Dr. John Lattimer.] MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY American Military Insignia 1800-1851 J. Duncan Campbell and Edgar M. Howell SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WASHINGTON, D.C. 1963 Contents _Page_ Preface ix Bibliography xiv Introduction 3 Organization of the Regular Army 3 Organization of the Militia 6 Insignia of the Regular Army 7 Cap and Helmet Devices 7 Shoulder-Belt and Waist-Belt Plates 31