These seedlings furnish the stocks upon which to work the finer varieties of the apple. They are taken up in the autumn with their long clean roots, which are often longer than their tops, the leaves are stripped off, and they are assorted; the larger are packed away in earth or saw-dust in the grafting department, or heeled-in out of doors, and covered in such a way as to be accessible at any time they may be needed during the winter. The smaller stocks are heeled-in for spring planting in nursery rows for budding, or they may be left in the original rows for another year's growth as seedlings. If the plants have been well grown and not too thick, so that the majority are of sufficient size, it will be better to take them all up at once and assort them as just indicated, otherwise the largest only may be drawn separately when the ground is soft with autumnal rains, leaving the smaller seedlings for another year's growth. In assorting and selling the stocks, nurserymen make about three classes. The very largest, as thick as a lead-pencil, are called extra, or two-year old, and command a higher price. The next size, called 1st class stocks, are large enough for co-aptation to the average scions, and long enough to make two cuts each for grafting; and those that fall below this requisition are considered second class, and are either thrown aside or set out for budding, and for stock or collar-grafting in the rows. PROPAGATION.--SECTION II.--GRAFTING. A MODIFICATION OF CUTTINGS. SUCCESS DEPENDANT UPON CELL-GROWTH. FORMING A UNION WITH THE STOCK. LIMITS TO GRAFTING DEPENDANT UPON THE ANATOMY OF THE PLANT. PHYSIOLOGICAL BOUNDS. SUCCESS IS IN PROPORTION TO THE AFFINITY. SEVERAL SPECIES AS STOCKS. DISTINCT GENERA. NARROW LIMITS. REQUISITES. EFFECTS OF UNCONGENIAL STOCKS. NATURAL GRAFTING IS INARCHING. GRAFTING BY APPROACH. VARIOUS METHODS OF GRAFTING. WHIP, CLEFT, SADDLE, SIDE, ETC. ILLUSTRATIONS. TYING, WAXING, ETC. RE-GRAFTING OLD ORCHARDS. RENEW SUCCESSIVE PORTIONS OF THE TREE; TOP FIRST. GRAFTING MACHINES. ROOT-GRAFTING. PREPARATION OF THE SCIONS. OF THE ROOTS. PRESERVATION OF THE GRAFTS. DIVISION OF LABOR. DIFFERENT PORTIONS OR SECTIONS OF THE ROOTS. STOCK-GRAFTING. GRAFTING-WAX. SEASONS FOR. PROLONGED. SELECTION OF SCIONS. TIME FOR CUTTING. MODE OF PRESERVING. TREATMENT OF GRAFTS.